Mt. Waialeale gets much more rain than the Atacama

Desert in Chile does.

The Atacama Desert gets much less rain than Mt.

Waialeale does.

The Atacama Desert is much drier than Mt. Waialeale

Is.

Mt. Waialeale is much wetter (rainier) than the Atacama

Desert is.

1. Portland, Oregon, is almost always cloudy, while Los Angeles,

California, is almost always sunny.

2. Parts of upstate New York received fifteen feet of snow in 1978,

while almost no snow fell in Wisconsin that winter.

3. Parts of Libya can reach 130 degrees Fahrenheit, while parts

of the polar areas never get above O degrees.

4. Mount Washington in New Hampshire has winds of over one

hundred miles per hour, while areas around the equator almost

never have winds.

ActivityGive a brief description of the climate in your home

town, including information about temperature, wind, rain, snow,

clouds, and pollution. Then compare it to the city where you are

living now or to another city or area that you particularly like.

Exercise 41:

Combine the following sentences with so that.

Change or omit words when necessary.

Example:In parts of the world, rainfall is sparse. People in those

areas constantly conserve water.

In parts of the world, rainfall is so sparse that people

Constantly conserve water.

1. In other parts of the world, rainfall is plentiful. Little effort is

made to conserve water.

2. People in these countries practice little water conservation. A

drought can have disastrous consequences.

3. For example, from May 1975 to August 1976, European rainfall

was far below normal. Reservoirs dried up, crops failed, and

water had to be rationed.

4. In other parts of the world, droughts are common. They are

a daily "fact of life."

5. Some droughts, such as in recent years in north-central Africa,

are long and severe. They can devastate entire populations.

Exercise 42: Review of Compound and Complex Sentences

Combine the following sentences, using a variety of connecting

words and phrases. Change or omit words and add punctuation

when necessary.

Tsunami

Tsunami is a Japanese word that means "large waves in harbors."

It is appropriate because only a major disturbance can produce

large waves in sheltered bays.

1. In the United States, tsunami are often called "tidal waves."

The name "tidal wave" is incorrect.

2. Tsunami have nothing to do with the tides. The approach of

tsunami on an open coast may look like a rapid rise of the

tide.

3. Almost all tsunami have followed tremendous earthquakes.

Some scientists believe a sudden lift or drop in the ocean floor

produces these giant waves.

4. An alternative explanation is that huge submarine landslides

produce them. There is no good proof of the idea of submarine

landslides.

5. Tsunami move at enormous speeds in the open ocean. Tsunami

can average 450 miles per hour.

6. Their height in the open ocean is small. They may have no

effect on the deep-sea floor. Along a coast, they become very

destructive.

7. A major earthquake shook Alaska in 1946. A tremendous

tsunami hit Hawaii several hours later.

8. The waves took only four hours to reach Hawaiian shores after

the earthquake. Then, the shallow waters off Hawaii slowed

them down.

9. The waves slowed very much. The waves moved at a rate of

only about fifteen miles per hour near the coast.

10. Their depth was limited in the shallow water. They grew in

height to the size of a three-story wall.

On Your Own Individually or in pairs, use your new sentences

to write a paragraph on tsunami.

Activity Think about yourself and your reactions to a disaster

situation. You may have experienced a flood, an earthquake, a

typhoon, a blizzard. In small groups, describe the disaster and talk

about how you felt and what you did.

Example:When the earthquake hit Caracas, the buildings shook

so much that I thought everything would fall. I was so

frightened that I could hardly breathe....

Exercise 43: Recognition of Adjective Clauses

Underline the dependent clauses in each of the following sentences and circle the

word(s) they modify.

1. It is a river whose water is sacred to Hindus.

2. Hindus from all over the world travel to the Ganges, which is

the symbol of life without end.

3. Every day, the Ganges is filled with hundreds of thousands of

people who come to drink or bathe in the sacred water.

4. Millions of people come for the great Kumbh Mela Festival,

which is held once every twelve years.

5. This festival takes place at Allahabad, where the Ganges and the

Jumna rivers join.

6. Varanasi, which is another city on the Ganges, is the most

sacred for Hindus.

7. All Hindus hope to die at Varanasi, where the sacred water gives

eternal life.

8. The sacred ashes of those who have died at Varanasi are thrown

on the river, and their lives will continue forever.

Exercise 44:

Combine the following sentences to form adjective clauses with that.

Make any necessary changes in the sentences.

Buddhism

Example:Buddhism is a way of life. This way of life combines an

ethical philosophy and a religion.

Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1094