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The past participle (passive) and the perfect participle (passive)A. Form The past participle of regular verbs is formed by addinged or d to the in For the past participle of irregular verbs, see the table in Appendix 1 of this
B. Use 1. As an adjective: stolen money a written report fallen trees tired drivers blocked roads broken glass
2. To form the perfect tenses/infinitives and participles and the passive he has seen to have loved it was broken 3. The past participle can replace a subject + passive verb just as the She enters. She is accompanied by her mother. = She enters, accompanied by her mother. He was aroused by the crash and leapt to his feet = Aroused by the crash, he leapt to his feet. The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no As he was convinced that they were trying to poison him, he refused to eat anything = Convinced that they were trying
C. The perfect participle passive (having been + past participle) is used when it Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home. = (He had been warned etc.) Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters 9. participles used as adjectives before and after nouns Participles as adjectives cannot always be used before nouns. We can say an When we put a participle before the noun, it is usually expresses some more I’ll never get married - I don’t want to spend my life surrounded by Did you hear that child screaming? In the first sentence. the speaker suggests that screaming is a permanent
Here are some more expressions in which the participle must go after the / the only place left the people taking part any person objecting all children wishing to compete the success just obtained Most of the people singing were students. Many of the people questioned refused to answer. It is not always easy to explain why one participle can be used before a Note also that many past participles can be put before a noun only if they Date: 2015-12-11; view: 1432
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