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Holding Dilemmas Together in the Workplace1. What does the notion of business include? 2. What do we call merchandising? 3. What are the four factors of production? 4. What does land mean as one of the basic factors of production? 5. What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources? Give some examples. 6. What are the main functions of most labour? 7. What does capital refer to? 8. What forms does capital exist in? 9. What does the entrepreneurship involve? 10. How does the entrepreneur manage the business? 11. Who takes the biggest risk in business and what are his responsibilities? 12. What is the profit and what is a loss?
Ex.1. Memorize the following definitions. Distributing – transportation, storage, and delivery of products from the point of production to the place where they can be sold.
Real estate – property in houses and land.
Raw materials – materials in their natural, unmanufactured condition.
Entrepreneur – a person who starts, manages, and takes the risks of running a business.
Creditor – one to whom the business owes money.
Ex.2. Give English equivalents to the following word-combinations and phrases. Make your own sentences using them. 1. діяльність людини, що пов’язана з матеріальними речами; 2. продаж товарів та надання різних послуг; 3. сировина, яку використано для виробництва; 4. людські ресурси; 5. працездатне населення; 6. розумова та фізична праця; 6. перетворити сировину у готовий продукт; 7. найпоширеніше загальне значення; 8. склади, де зберігаються товари; 9. бути відповідальним за початок комерційної діяльності; 10. керувати підприємством; 11. для того, щоб досягти успіху; 12. визначати загальну політику веденя бізнесу; 13. пропонувати нові способи виробництва та нові послуги; 14. нести відповідальність за всі виробничі борги; 15. спричиняти проблеми; 16. шукати роботу; 18. підприємець бере на себе найбільший ризик; 20. залишкові гроші; 21. недостатньо для виплати всіх витрат; 22. коли компанія стає банкрутом; 23. реалізувати товари покупцям
Ex.3. Find antonyms to the following words and expressions in the text: mental work; raw materials; profit; to succeed; renewable; fixed capital
Ex.4. Find synonyms to the following words and expressions in the text: extra money; to seek; buyer; to replace; to purchase; material things; work; capital; equipment; to produce; lucky; working population; entrepreneurship; method; natural resources; circulating capital
Ex.5. Match the words and expressions to their definitions.
Ex.6. Match the words to make collocations and make your own sentences with them.
Ex.7. Fill in prepositions as in the text and make your own sentences with the following verbs. 1. to be related ___ 4. to refer ___ 7. to come ___ 2. to change ___ 5. to distribute ___ 8. to be responsible ___ 3. to look ___ 6. to pay ___ 9. to put ___ Ex.8. Complete the following sentences with the given words and expressions. Translate them into your native tongue. bankrupt employees real estate policy merchandising creditors equipment natural resources physical entrepreneurs
1. Farming has always involved hard _____ labour. 2. They are starting to import hi-tech telecommunication _____. 3. After suffering losses for years, the business finally went _____. 4. If the company has a successful year and good profits, they will be able to pay their _____. 5. The tourist industry provides opportunities for many small _____ who operate shops and restaurants. 6. General Motors Corporation has several thousand _____. 7. Department stores and supermarkets are examples of _____ enterprises. 8. He borrowed money from the bank to purchase some _____. 9. It is the _____ of this company that workers receive two weeks paid vacation each year. 10. Land and other _____ include minerals, sand, salt, limestone, oil, waterfalls, forests and fish.
Ex.9. Select the answer which best completes the meaning of the sentence. Translate the sentences into your native tongue. 1. ___ depends on how much the amount received is greater than the amounts paid. a) Cost b) Profit c) Loss 2. To get higher profit firms have to increase efficiency of ___. a) labour b) work c) capital 3. After her grandfather’s death Hannah inherited ___ somewhere in Australia. a) real estate b) capital c) village 4. Crude oil is the ___ from which gasoline is made. a) product b) good c) raw material 5. Because of modern machines and technology more and more ___ work is required. a) physical b) mental c) productive 6. By selling his business, he was able to pay off all his ___. a) costs b) debts c) money 7. Petroleum is an important raw material for the ___ of plastics. a) production b) producing c) making 8. Drilling for oil is an activity that involves considerable ___. a) risk b) payment c) policy 9. The preservation of a system of free ___ is essential to economic freedom. a) decision b) enterprise c) choice 10. At present we are ___ market research to find out what particular products customers want. a) making b) taking c) carrying out
Ex.10. a) Form derivatives of the words using the prefix re- and translate them into your native tongue.
produce, store, new, construct, place, collect, move, organize, cycle
b) Underline the words with the prefix re- and translate them into your native tongue. resource, record, remember, refresh, reduce, return, respect, resell, request, report, recognize, rename
Ex.11. Translate the following sentences into English. a)
b)
Ex.12. Expand the range of services: accounting, distributing, …
Ex.13. Examine the list of items below and decide whether the capital may include these aspects or not? Share your ideas with the partners. a) warehouses g) finished products b) machine-tools h) extra money you’ve got from the deal c) skillful employees i) production costs d) raw materials j) land e) selling of products k) factory building f) merchandising l) salaries of the employees
Ex.14. Look over the chart below. Write a paragraph about the four basic factors of business. Your first sentence should be a topic sentence. It should state what the four basic factors are. Then you should write two sentences about each of the factors. You should discuss the factors in the same order in which they were presented in this unit. However, do not copy exactly the text.
FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
U N L I M I T E D W A N T S
Holding Dilemmas Together in the Workplace The full title includes a subhead: A Sneak Preview of the Future Published on February 9, 2013 by Miki Kashtan, Ph.D. in Acquired Spontaneity Throughout human history, stories have been a source of inspiration and bonding. Especially in these difficult times, when we need inspiration about what's possible, when so many of us are hungry for some faith that collaboration can work, I feel so happy to have some examples that nourish me in my own work. This is, simply, about what work can be like when we embrace a deep intentionality of collaboration. (These are three real-life stories, two of which are changed in non-substantial ways to protect anonymity.) They all exhibit the path I think of as inviting people to hold a dilemma together. I have written about this path in other contexts, and I am truly delighted to share something that can offer a visceral sense of what the future could look like, however small the scale. Date: 2014-12-29; view: 1223
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ENTREPRENEURSHIP
