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The Future Perfect Tense
(shall/will have + V3/-ed)
Theory Introduction
The Future Perfect tense is formed with shall have (for the first person)/will have(for the other persons)+ Past Participle(done, finished).
In the interrogative form the first auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.
In the negative form notis placed after the first auxiliary verb.
| Positive Form | Question Form | Negative Form |
| I shall have done We You will have done He/she It They | Shall I have done we Will you have done he/she it they | I shall not have done We You will not have done He/she It They |
The Future Perfect tense is used:
1. to say that something will have finished by a certain moment in the future. The future may be indicated by means of:
a) time expressions: by 6 o’clock, by tomorrow, by that time, by then, by the end of next month, not … till, until + time.
They will have received this telegram by tomorrow.
He won’t have returned till the end of the week.
She will have worked as a teacher for 20 years by next September.
b) by another future action
Before you come, I will have done this work.
By the time you arrive, he will have been in hospital for three weeks.
2. with the verbs which point to completion: build, complete, finish, retire, etc.
She will have retired by the end of next year.
We will have completed our new project by that time.
3. We also often use the Future Perfect after verbs like believe, expect, hope, imagine, suppose for future actions in debates, speeches, lectures and ordinary speech.
We expect you will have changed your mind before leaving school.
I hope you’ll have noticed from the lecture how complicated this subject is.
I suppose you’ll have understood why I can’t come.
Note: only the Future Perfect is used for a completed action in the future when quantity is mentioned.
By the end of my university course I’ll have attended more than 1.000 lectures.
Practice
Teaching Models
Ex. 1.Read the following conversation and analyse the tense forms used for future actions.
| A: | – I am glad you have introduced me to your grandparents. Are they still working or have they retired yet? |
| B: | – You see …, my grandmother will have retired by the end of this year. We are celebrating her 55th birthday on the 25th of December. |
| A: | – Will your grandfather have also retired by the end of this year? |
| B: | – No, he won’t. My grandparents are in the same age, so my grandfather will have retired only by the age of sixty, if everything is all right in his life. |
| A: | – I wonder how long will they have been married by that time? |
| B: | – Oh, if I am not mistaken, they will have been married for forty years by then. By that time a lot will have changed in our life too, won’t it? |
| A: | – Certainly, it will. I hope I will have written my thesis by the end of next year, and you will have got your first degree by that time. |
| B: | – Let’s hope for the best. |
Ex. 2.Complete the following sentences using the Future Perfect Tense.
Model: You (finish) reading this book by tomorrow?
Will you have finished reading this book by tomorrow?
1. You (get) my cable and I (receive) your answer long before this letter reaches you.
2. My father (be) in military service for twenty-five years next year.
3. The students (pass) all their exams by the end of January.
4. By the end of the month the committee (come) to some decision.
5. The school leavers (pass) their finals by the end of June.
6. The task is so complicated, that we (not to complete) it in a year’s time.
7. We hope you (arrive) at the hotel by the evening.
Ex. 3.Respond to the following remarks using the Future Perfect according to the model. Work in pairs.
| Model: | A: It will take you ages to paper your room, won’t it? B: No, I will have papered it by tomorrow. |
| 1. repair the roof of the house 2. buy new furniture 3. cook Sunday dinner 4. learn French/Japanese, etc. | 5. pick all these apples 6. learn to swim well 7. move to a new house 8. translate this article |
Ex. 4.Give positive or negative answers to the following questions using the Future Perfect.
| Model: | Have you finished translating this article? – No, I haven’t. I will have finished translating it by tomorrow. or: –I won’t have finished translating it by tomorrow. |
1. Have you graduated from university?
2. Has she ended her holiday-tour?
3. Have they returned from their wedding trip?
4. Have you taken your exams this year?
5. Have the children come from school?
6. Have you written your report for the conference?
7. Have you repaired you computer?
Ex. 5.Make promise that you will have done some things in you life by definite age.
Model:
Give up smoking → I will have given up smoking by the end of the year.
| 1. get the Bachelor’s degree 2. graduate from university 3. get a higher education 4. buy a flat/a house 5. get married 6. defend thesis 7. learn English well 8. get the highest scientific degree 9. visit many foreign countries | … by the age of … . … by the end of the term. … by the end of next year. … before I graduate from university. … by 2030. … before I get married. … by the end of my life. |
Self Check
Ex. 6.Put the verb in brackets into a suitable tense-form for future actions.
1. He … (not to repair) my camera till the end of this week. … you (lend) me yours please? – Certainly, I (…).
2. By Friday afternoon Diane … (prepare) all the dishes for the dinner party. They … (celebrate) her birthday on that day.
3. My Granny … (knit) a new sweater for me by Christmas, and I … (buy) her a very nice present by this holiday.
4. I … (present) gifts to all my relatives and friends before I leave this country for ever.
5. By the end of next month we … (build) an extension to our house. My sister’s family (move) there as soon as it (be) ready for living.
6. Wake me up by nine o’clock. I … (sleep) long enough by then.
7. I expect you … (change) your mind by the time you are an adult.
8. By the end of the summer he … (teach) us to speak English.
9. I think you (grow up) by the time I come back to my native town. – We … (wait) for you.
10. I hope you (not to forget) your promise by tomorrow. – Be sure, I … always (remember) about it.
11. The horse race (start) before we even leave home. (…) we (take) a taxi to get there?
12. Before we return home from a world tour my husband … (write) his second novel.
Ex. 7.Complete the sentences with the Future Indefinite, the Future Continuous, the Future Perfect, the Present Simple or be going to.
1. A hundred people have already died of starvation in that country. By the end of the week two hundred (die) if foreign countries (not to send) help.
2. Nobody (fish) in this river next year. The water has been polluted. All the fish (be) dead soon.
3. The coming election (be) the main topic of conversation for the next fortnight. The party leaders (speak) on TV and the local candidates (address) meetings in the constituencies.
4. Heavens! Look at the time. Father (come) home in 20 minutes and you haven’t even started getting dinner ready. – Don’t bother, everything (be) ready by the time he (come).
5. I (be) back again at the end of next month. – I hope I (pass) my driving test by then. If I have, I (meet) your train.
6. In two months’ time he (finish) his preliminary training and (start) working.
7. In ten years’ time all the private residents (be driven) out of central London and there (be) nothing but one vast hotel after another.
8. … you (come) back in an hour? I (do) my packing by then and we (be) able to have a talk.
9. I (cook) any fish you catch, but I (not to clean) them. You (do) that yourself, … you?
10. You (have) to be a bit careful about money when you (retire) because you only (get) half of your present salary. And of course you (pay) so much tax.
Date: 2015-12-11; view: 2420
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