To be, to have” in the Indefinite (Simple) Tenses

Study the table and do exercises given below.

Table 2

	Present	Past	Future
to be	I am	I he she it   we you they	was   were	I shall be
he she it   we you they	is   are	he she it	will be
we shall be
you they	will be
to have	I have	I he she it   we you they	had	I shall have
he she it   we you they	has   have	he she it	will have
we shall have
you they	will have

Exercise 1. Practise the usage of the verbs “to be, to have” in the Present, Past and Future Simple. Make up your own sentences.

Exercise 2. Fill in the gaps with to be, to have in Present, Past and Future Simple:

1. Last year I … a schoolboy, but now I … a student at a Medical University.

2. We … good friends now, but not very long ago we … only neighbours.

3. We … lectures and seminars every day but Saturday and Sunday.

4. There … 200 000 people in our town, but ten years ago there … only 50 000.

5. They … the exam in mathematics last week.

6. I … my breakfast at 8 o’ clock.

7. Usually I … in time for my lesson, but yesterday I … late.

8. She … a laboratory class today.

9. I … busy tomorrow.

10. They … a meeting next week.

11. We … an examination in Chemistry this term.

12. You … an English class in 2 hours.

Exercise 3. Use the verb “to be” in a proper form.

John … an old friend of mine. We … friends even when we … children. We went to school together, played together after the lessons and everybody thought we … brothers. Now we … students of a medical school. John wants to become a dentist and I … sure that he … a good specialist because he works hard to master his profession. Tomorrow John … twenty. Every year John’s birthday … a great occasion not only for his family but for all his friends. They will come to his party and I …very glad to go there and say “Happy birthday!” to my best friend.

Exercise 4. Open the brackets and use the verbs in Present Simple.

1. Training of a pharmacist ... (include) many subjects common to the medical curriculum.

2. He ... (not/study) at the pharmaceutical faculty.

3. Chemistry ... (be) an interesting subject.

4. What entrance exams ... (students/take) to enter a pharmaceutical faculty?

5. How long ... (the study/last) at the pharmaceutical faculty?

6. When ... (your classes/be over/usually)?

7. Our library ... (have) many books on medicine.

8. They ... (not/attend) classes regularly.

9. He (to do) research in organic chemistry and bioorganic chemistry.

10. I (not to think) that they (to work) hard enough to pass their exams successfully.

Exercise 5. Say what you your friend (friends) usually does (do) at practical classes, lectures and seminars. Use the following word combinations:

At the English class:

to read the texts, to ask and answer the questions, to write word dictations, to learn new English words, to translate from Russian into English, to listen to the recordings, to repeat after the speaker, to imitate, to listen to the teacher, to do tests, to fulfill grammar control works, to do written assignments.

At the lecture:

to listen to the lecturer, to take notes, to write down (to put down), to ask questions.

At the seminar:

to make a report, to ask questions, to take part in the discussion, to clear up, to ask the teacher (instructor) to explain smth., to fulfill tasks.

Exercise 7. Make up special questions to the passage of ex.5 in Present Simple using the interrogative pronouns and adverbs: who, what, when, what time, where, how, how many.

Exercise 8. Find regular and irregular verbs. Write down their three forms:

To become, to serve, to pass, to spend, to learn, to give, to master, to train, to deal, to receive, to treat, to acquaint, to live, to develop, to use, to take, to set, to go, to begin, to feel, to come, to enter, to speak, to know, to discuss.

Exercise 9. Open the brackets and use the verbs in Past Simple. Make these sentences negative and interrogative.

1. My brother (to enter) the University last year.

2. Our vacation (to begin) in July.

3. We (to work) hard the hole term.

4. The teacher (to find) some mistakes in my dictation.

5. He (to come) to see me last week.

6. The students (to discuss) this problem with their tutor yesterday.

7. He (to take) three exams last term, but (to pass) only two.

8. We (to meet) at the University two years ago and (to become) good friends.

9. He (to give) me a good piece of advice.

10. We (to spend) a lot of time in the library.

11. I am afraid that he (not to pass) his exam in chemistry yesterday.

12. The students (to write) a composition last Monday.

Exercise 10. Put questions and give possible answers.

1. Last week we went to … (Where …)

2. Yesterday I met … (Whom …)

3. I learned English at … (Where …)

4. … gave me advice. (Who …)

5. I heard … with my own ears. (What …)

6. My brother came home yesterday at … (When …)

7. I got to town by … (How …)

8. He liked reading … stories when he was a boy. (What kind of …)

Exercise 11. Ask your group-mates what they did/didn’t do yesterday:

To get up early, to go to the University, to be in time for the lessons, to attend the lecture, to take exam in English, to have lunch at the University, to come home after lessons, to do homework, to watch TV.

Note: Saying “will do” we usually decide to do it at the time of speaking without planning before. That is why the Future Simple Tense often goes with:

Exercise 12. Open the brackets and use the verbs in Future Simple using the above mentioned phrases where possible.

1. I (to play) chess tomorrow. 2. You (to read) this book next week? 3. I (not to see) him tomorrow. 4. Where you (to go) next summer? 5. They (to become) pharmacists in 5 years. 6. We (to have) a lecture in 2 hours. 7. Why she (to come) home so late tomorrow? 8. We (to stay) at home after tomorrow. 9. What you (to do) in the evening? 10. In a year she (to be) a second-year student. 11. You (to get) a diploma of a pharmacist in five years.12. We (to study) toxicological chemistry next year.

Exercise 13. Put questions and give possible answers.

1. Premedical training of students will take … years. (How many years …)

2. We shall study special subjects in … years. (When …)

3. In chemistry classes the students will learn about … (What …)

4. We shall have practice … (Where …)

5. During the period of internship an intern will … (What …)

6. … will make experiments in the chemical laboratory next week. (Who…)

Exercise 14. Master the usage of the Present, Past and Future Simple. Do it according to the models.

1. I cook well, and you? 2. I always read newspapers, and you? 3. I know English well, and you? 4. I work at maths every day, and you? 5. I attend all the lectures, and you? 6. She often comes here, and you? 7. I use computer in my work every day, and you?

Exercise 15. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present, Past or Future Indefinite.

1. My friend (to study) at the pharmaceutical faculty of the Medical University. 2. As a rule students in Belarus (not to pay) for their education. 3. I (to take) my final exams in two months. 4. He (not to come) to the lecture yesterday, he (to be) ill. 5. My sister (to graduate) from the medical school next year. 6. We (to attend) lectures in physiology once a week. 7. I (not to see) my friend at the university yesterday. 8. Students (to take) examinations at the end of each term. 9. I (to buy) this drug at our chemist’s a week ago. 10. They (to study) special subjects in the senior years. 11. Tomorrow they (to make) experiments with different chemical substances in the chemical laboratory. 12. Every year the scientific conference (to take) place at the university.

Personal pronouns

Exercise 17. Fill in the gap with necessary pronouns.

1. … am a student of the Medical School. 2. He often writes to … parents. 3. Does … help her brother? 4. I often see … in the park with his dog. 5. She likes … work very much. 6. Is Tom a friend of …? – No, he is only my colleague. 7. We go to the country with some friends of … every weekend. 8. The students usually have … exams in January and in June. 9. These magazines are very interesting. Read … at home. 10. Do you know these students? – Yes, … are from our group. 11. Translate this text without a dictionary. … is not very difficult. 12. Give … your pen, please. Thank … . 13. We have lectures every day; we attend … regularly. 14. We shall study constituents of drugs and … composition.

Exercise 18. Replace italicized words with corresponding pronouns

1. We carry out experiments in the laboratories. 2. We shall study organic chemistry. 3. Some of the students belong to the scientific society. 4. There are 13 students in my group. 5. My sister entered the university last year. 6. I don’t see my brother often. 7. Mike helps his fiend very much. 8. The boys ask Mary to sing.

Digress of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

Exercise 20. Form comparative and superlative degrees:

Old, young, large, wide, difficult, good, hot, bad, much, easy, early, well, many, big, interesting, dangerous, far, late.

Exercise 21. Translate:

1. The longer (is) the night, the shorter (is) the day. 2. The more we read, the more we know. 3. He can speak German twice as fast. 4. Your room is three times as large as mine. 5. We shall drive at a speed as great as 90 km per hour. 6. New streets are usually not so (as) narrow as old streets. 7. She does not know Moscow so (as) well as we do. 8. This boy is as tall as my brother. 9. The earlier you get up, the more you will do.

Exercise 22. а) Read and translate the text:

A Letter

Dear Jane!

I am very happy in my new job and my new town. In fact I’m much happier than I was before. I like my new job very much. It’s much better than my old one. My boss is more polite than my old boss. My office is larger than the previous one. My co-workers are more friendly than the ones I worked with before. My working hours are shorter than the working hours at my old job. And my salary is higher than my previous salary. I also like my new town. In general it’s much cleaner, the buildings are nicer, and the weather is warmer and the people are more hospitable. You should visit me here. I think you’ll like it a lot. Please write soon.

Yours sincerely, Lucy.

b) Answer the questions:

1. What does Lucy think of her new job? 2. Does she like her new boss? Why? 3. What does she think about her new co-workers? 4. What else does she like about her new job? 5. What is her impression of her new town?

c) Retell the text.

Exercise 23. Use the adjectives in the brackets in comparative degree.

1. This problem is (complicated) than we at first thought. 2. The discovery which was made by the team of American researchers is (important) than it may seem. 3. The new building of the institute is (big) than the old one. 4. You have made many mistakes. You must be (attentive). 5. Microbiology studies (simple) organisms such as bacteria, protozoa, and others. 6. Pharmacognosy is as (difficult) as botany. 7. Pharmacology is not so (easy) as you say. 8. The weather today is (bad) than yesterday. 9. It is necessary to work (much) to become a pharmaceutist.

Exercise 24. Use the adjectives in the brackets in superlative degree.

1. I think that your theory is logical. It’s … I’ve heard so far. 2. Metabolism is very important for living organisms. It is one of … life activities. 3. Your explanation is very good. It is … which has been given for this phenomenon. 4. Professor K. is very famous. He is one of … physiologists in the world. 5. The operation was good. It was one of … of its kind. 6. Molecules are tiny units of which all substances are composed. They are … of any substance which preserve the properties of this substance in chemical reactions. 7. The discovery of antibiotics was really great. It was one of … in the history of medicine. 8. Show me, please, a short way to the station. This is … way to the station.

Exercise 25. Use the proper forms of adjectives.

1. My (oldest, eldest) brother is an engineer. I’ve got two brothers. They are (older, elder) than I am.

2. Oxford and Cambridge are the (oldest, eldest) universities in Great Britain.

3. If you need (farther, further) information ask the doctor on duty, please.

4. The university was situated much (farther, further) than we expected.

5. The state of the patient changed for the (worst, worse).

6. We have got (less, least) time than I thought.

7. I need (more, most) time to finish the work.

Date: 2014-12-28; view: 3514