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MANAGER’S ROLEOur society is made up of all kinds of organisations, such as companies, governments, unions, hospitals, universities, libraries, and the like. They are essential to our existence, helping to create our standard of living and our quality of life. In all these organisations, there are people carrying out the work of a manager although they do not have that title. The vice-chancellor of a University, the president of a student’s union or a chief librarian are all managers. They have a responsibility to use the resources of their organisation effectively and economically to achieve its objectives. Peter Drucker, an American management consultant, suggested an interesting modern view of management. He explained what managers do. In his opinion, managers perform five basic functions. Firstly, managers set objectives. They decide what these should be and how the organisation can achieve them. For this task, they need analytical ability. Secondly, managers organize. They must decide how the resources of the company are to be used, how the work is to be classified and divided. Furthermore, they must select people for the jobs to be done. For this, they not only need analytical ability but also understanding of human beings. Their third task is to motivate and communicate effectively. They must be able to get people to work as a team, and to be as productive as possible. To do this, they communicate effectively with all levels of the organisation – their supervisors, colleagues, and subordinates. The fourth activity is measurement. Having set targets and standards, managers have to measure the performance of the organisation, and of its staff, in relation to those targets. Measuring requires analytical ability. Finally, Peter Drucker says that managers develop people, including themselves. They help to make people more productive, and to grow as human beings. They make them bigger and richer persons. In Peter Drucker’s view, successful managers are people who command the respect of workers, and who set high standards. Good managers should not be geniuses but must bring character to the job.
BUSINESS ETHICS There are several do’s and don’ts for a successful manager. Rules of Leadership 1. Set a good example. Your subordinates will take their all from you. If your work habits are good, these are likely to be, too. 2. Give your people a set of objectives and sense of direction. Good people seldom like to work aimlessly from day to day. They want to know not only what they are doing but why. 3. Keep your people informed of their development at the company and how they'll affect them. Let people know where they stand with you. Let your close assistants be involved in your plans at an early stage. Let people know as early as possible of any changes that'll affect them. Let them know of changes that won't affect them but which they may be worrying. 4. Ask your people for advice. Let them know that they have a say in your decisions whenever possible. Make them feel a problem is their problem, too. Encourage individual thinking. 5. Let your people know that you support them. There's no greater moral killer than a boss who resents a subordinate's ambition. 6. Don't give orders. Suggest, direct, and request. 7. Emphasize skills, not rules. Judge results, not methods. Give a person a job to do and let him or her do it. Let an employee improve his or her own job methods. 8. Give credit where credit is due. Appreciation for a job well done is the most appreciated of "fringe benefits". 9. Praise in public. This is where it'll do the most good. 10. Criticize in private. Criticize constructively. Concentrate on correction not blame. Allow a person to retain his or her dignity. Suggest specific steps to prevent recurrence of the mistake. 11. Forgive and encourage desired results. 12. Make it know that you welcome new ideas. No idea is too small for a hearing or too wild for consideration. Make it easy for them to communicate their ideas to you. Follow thought on their ideas
Company Culture Interact Consulting Group is a successful insurance company in Switzerland. Read the list of the company rules below and decide which of the five headings below matches the rules (1-5).
Exercise 1. Find words and expressions in the text (including the headings) that mean:
1. insulting 2. the way you look 3. systems at work 4. behaviour 5. in good order/well organised 6. an interview to talk about your progress 7. a special prize 8. a place to put your car 9. co-worker 10. appraisal
Exercise 2. Answer the following questions.
1. Which rules at Interact Consulting Group do you agree or disagree with? 2. Why do you think the Managing Director has created these rules? 3. Would you be prepared to work for a company with all these rules? 4. Is it a good idea to have in-company competitions and prizes to increase motivation? Are there better ways of motivating employees? 5. Are there anything like “Employee of the month” award in your institution/country? 6. Imagine you are the Managing Director of a company. What rules would you introduce immediately?
Reading A Read the text below. Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D below. There is an example at the beginning (0).
0 A conditions B style C image D manner
1. A use B control C check D examine 2. A replacing B renaming C removing D exchanging 3. A own B personal C individual D sole 4. A government B leadership C authority D power 5. A makes B raises C encourages D updates 6. A granted B redundant C accountable D countable 7. A workplace B workstation C place D desk 8. A acts B influences C deeds D effects 9. A table B matrix C regenerating D restructuring 10. A kindness B virtue C effectiveness D activeness
B Read the text below. Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D below. There is an example at the beginning (0).
0 A founds B stimulated C advertised D included
1. A minerals B nature C resource D source 2. A job B work C personal D personnel 3. A need B risk C use D deeds 4. A gives B provides C has D is 5. A fully B folly C totally D whole 6. A combined B redundant C composed D countable 7. A work B solve C decide D make up 8. A primary B useful C known D experienced 9. A naturally B artificially C purposely D suddenly 10. A effect B action C do D function
Date: 2015-02-16; view: 1000
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