Biochemistry of Nervous, Muscular & Connective Tissues

1. A 30 y.o. woman had been ill for a year when she felt pain in the area of joints for the first time, they got swollen, and skin above them became reddened. Provisional diagnosis is rheumatoid arthritis. One of the most probable causes of this disease is a structure alteration of a connective tissue protein:

A. Ovoalbumin

B. *Collagen

C. Myosin

D. Troponin

E. Mucin

2. Increased fragility of vessels, enamel and dentine destruction resulting from scurvy are caused by disorder of collagen maturation. What stage of procollagen modification is disturbed under this avitaminosis?

A. *Hydroxylation of proline

B. Detaching of N-ended peptide

C. Formation of polypeptide chains

D. Glycosylation of hydroxylysine residues

E. Removal of C-ended peptide from procollagen

3. A patient with serious damage of muscular tissue was admitted to the trauma department. What biochemical urine index will be increased in this case?

A. *Creatinine

B. Common lipids

C. Uric acid

D. Glucose

E. Mineral salts

4. A 46-year-old female patient has a continuous history of progressive muscular (Duchenne`s) dystrophy. Which blood enzyme activity changes will be of diagnostic value in this case?

A. Lactate dehydrogenase

B. Glutamate dehydrogenase

C. Adenylate cyclase

D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase

E. Creatine phosphokinase*

5. Depressions and emotional insanities result from the deficit of noradrenalin, serotonin and other biogenic amines in the brain. Their concentration in the synapses can be increased by means of the antidepressants that inhibit the following enzyme:

A. Phenylalanine-4-monooxygenase

B. Monoamine oxidase*

C. D-amino-acid oxidase

D. L-amino-acid oxidase

E. Diamine oxidase

6. An unconscious patient was taken by ambulance to the hospital. On objective examination the patient was found to have on reflexes, periodical convulsions, irregular breathing. After laboratory examination the patient was diagnosed with hepatic coma. Disorders of the central nervous system develop due to the accumulation of the following metabolite:

1. Urea
2. Histamine
3. Glutamine
4. Ammonia *
5. Bilirubin

7. Disruption of nerve fiber myelinogenesis causes neurological disorders and mental retardation. These symptoms are typical for hereditary and acquired alterations in the metabolism of:

Phosphatidic acid

Cholesterol

*Sphingolipids

Neutral fats

Higher fatty acids

8. A 53-year-old male patient is diagnosed with Paget’s disease. The concentration of oxyproline in daily urine is sharply increased, which primarily means intensified disintegration of:

Albumin

Hemoglobin

*Collagen

Fibrinogen

Keratin

9. Decarboxylation of glutamate induces production of gamme-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter. After breakdown, GABA is converted into a metabolite of the Citric acid cycle, that is:

Fumarate

*Succinate

Oxaloacetate

Malate

Citric acid

10. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are widely used as psychopharmacological drugs. They change the level of nearly all neurotransmitters in synapses, with the following neurotransmitter being the exception:

Acetylcholine*

Serotonin

Dopamine

Noradrenalin

Adrenalin

Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1538