Types of adverbial clauses and the adverbial conjunctions

Types of adverbial clauses	Conjunctions	Examples
adverbial clause of time ® when the action took place?	when, while, as, until, till, before & the time (when / that), every time (when / that) now that etc.	When she got outside the house, she breathed with deep relief. When we finally arrived at the station, the train had already left. When a Forsyte was engaged, married or born, all the Forsytes were present.
place ® where?	where, wherever, as far as etc	Sit where you like. Were there’s no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.
reason ® why?	because, as, since, that & for the reason that, in view of the fact that, by reason of etc.	I’m late because I’ve been held up by the traffic. As you are ere, you had better help me.
result ® what consequences it has?	so that, so / such ... that	There was enough fuel in the tank, so that we were able to go on without refilling. It was so hot that nobody wanted to do anything.
purpose ® with what purpose it is done?	that, in order that, so that, lest etc.	The supply is rationed so that everyone may have a share. He put a statement in the newspaper in order that everyone should know what had really happened. Say it loudly so that I could hear. I’m buying a lot of coal so that the house will be walm. He often changes address so that the police won’t find him.
manner ® how or in what manner it is done?	as, as... as, not so ... as	She did exactly as I told her. We were going up the road as fast as we could.
condition ® on what condition it is done	if, in case (на случай если), once (раз ... то), unless (если не), provided = on condition (that), suppose, supposing (that)	If I were you, I wouldn’t risk it. I’ll insure my house in case it gets fire. I want to see him if I can, in case he has anything to tell me. We shall do it provided you support us. Supposing you win a lottery, what will you do with the money?

comparison	though, although, even if, however, whatever, etc. & no matter how / who / what / where, for all that, despite the fact (that)	My wife worked as hard as I did. It is much later that you think. He spoke as if he meant business.
concession	though, although, even if, however, whatever, etc. & no matter how / who / what / where, for all that, despite the fact (that)	He did not feel cold though he was wet to the skin. However carefully you drive, you will probably have an accident eventually. No matter how hard he tried to win, he failed.

Ex.4. Consider the following complex sentences. Distinguish between different kinds of adverbial clauses. State their semantic type, point out their structure and the contextual meaning in the sentence. Translate into Russian.

1. If you continue in this way you will break your mother’s heart! 2. Since the newspapers were covering the search closely, there was no point in his reserve. 3. There was a moment of strain, it seemed as though neither of them knew what to say next. 4. He said George was too nice a kid to make a good cop, even if he had brains. 5. Lady Castlewood was as much cast down by this news as Miss Beatrix was indignant at it. 6. The stewardess hurried along the aisle to where the sick passenger lay moaning with eyes closed. 7. As he ticked off points on his fingers my elation quickly subsided. 8. The door gave a little but came back as though somebody was holding it against me. 9. When she was through she hung the phone back on a hook. 10. I’m doing it as I was told, so you may as well spare your sarcasm. 11. As her lips smiled, her eyes didn’t lose their tragic expression. 12. I was just curious, though it wasn’t any of my business. 13. If it hadn’t been for his courage and resource, we’d have crashed. 14. You are meant to describe the situation as you understand it. 15. She manages such things far better than you manage them. 16. While explaining the rule he tried to make it simpler. 17. He looked a little sad, as if he had been waiting a long time and was getting discouraged. 18. No sooner had she seen me approaching from the landing than she slammed the door in my face. 19. Now that the reader knows the essential events as they were open to the public, I want to give him some explanations. 20. I have told you my story that you may judge me for what I am, not for what they want to take me. 21. Keep on taking the readings of the instrument unless instructed otherwise. 22. I am sure he was warned about the unwanted visitor, because he left the house by the back stairs. 23. His hand pressed stronger so that mine gave way.

Date: 2016-04-22; view: 2219

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