Constitution of Ukraine

The Constitution is the main law of each state. Each state includes into the Constitution the principles, according to which it lives. That’s why the Constitution is an integral part of the life of each state. The Constitution of Ukraine was adopted on the 28^th of June 1996. It confirmed the main principles of our state, the rights, freedoms, and duties of every citizen. It determines the order of the President elections, elections into the Supreme Soviet, state symbols, independence, and sovereignty of Ukraine. The Constitution proclaims the freedom of speech and religion.

The church and different religious organizations are separated from the state and from the school. That’s why it is impossible to make any religion compulsory or state.

The Constitution proclaims the right for private property and private enterprises. The duties of the citizens are also included into the Constitution. The family, childhood, maternity, and paternity are guarded by the state. The military service and tax payment are also the duties of citizens. Each citizen must follow the Constitution and carry out own duties.

Ukrainian Youth

Nowadays when our independent state Ukraine is developing, much attention is paid to our youth. The desire of our young people to become qualified specialists in the future motivates them to enter higher educational establishments.

Higher education for young people nowadays is the method of developing their talents and abilities, their creative potential. That is why besides their studies they are also engaged in different clubs and organizations.

Almost every school or institute has its own team of “joyful and smart”. This game is rather popular among our young people and it helps them to bring out their brightest talents. Young people learn to work together, to share the moments of luck and failure.

Beside studies, young people are also engaged in scientific and research work. The Ukrainian branch of youth organization Greenpeace also exists in Ukraine. Young people learn to love their land and the world that surrounds them.

A lot of young people go in for sports, that’s why schools and institutes have sport clubs and teams. Our young people are especially interested in football, basketball, hockey, etc. There also exists a great variety of different clubs in this country. They are: theatre clubs, where young people stage different literary works; club “What? Where? When?”, where young people can enlarge their knowledge in different fields of science and life, and so on.

Many young people are engaged in political parties and organizations such as: “The Greens”, “The Union of Ukrainian Youth”, and “The Scouts”.

My School

(Yaroslava Zinovatna-Krasnova)

My name is ... . I am a pupil of the ...th form of a secondary school in Kirovohrad. In 1992 our school was the department of new teaching technologies. It was the experimental laboratory, where pupils had an opportunity to graduate from the school one year earlier than others. In 2004 our department turned into the gymnasium of new teaching technologies. Today it offers a general course of academic and non-academic subjects, and gives secondary education. Besides, it offers a number of courses in a variety of fields: the humanities, mathematics, natural sciences.

It consists of two-storied building. On the first floor there is a museum, the cafetirium, in which we can have some tea during the breaks, a room for relaxation, the computer class, where we have a chance to do computer tests in all the subjects, the big hall, in which we have parties and disco, the room of ideas, in which pupils and teachers express their inventive thoughts useful for teaching process, and some more classrooms including the classroom in Physics, in which there is a big multimedical blackboard.

On the second floor there is not a big gym, a dancing room, a library, a first-aid post, and some classrooms including the classroom in English, in which we have an opportunity to listen to the native speakers on TV and musical centre.

Our school is not big. There are approximately 200 pupils. And it is not bad because we are all as if one big family. We know each other, we help each other and we have friendly relations with our teachers.

In 1997 the director represented our school (the former department) at the international competition of teachers in the Crimea. Americans were surprised and proposed to organize the twin-school in Chicago.

I am proud of my school. Every pupil of the gymnasium enjoys studying there and can develop his individuality.

As for me, I am fascinated by my school as well. I have hobbies and I have a chance to enjoy them within the school. I attend dancing classes, computer design, chorus, shaping and theatre club.

Education in England

Education is important in England. English children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years old. Education is compulsory, but school is not, children are not required to attend school. They could be educated at home.

Education is free for all children from 5 to 18. About 94 per cent of pupils in the UK receive free education from public funds, while 6 per cent attend independent fee paying schools.
All government-run schools, state schools, follow the same National Curriculum.

The School Year

The school year is 39 weeks long and is divided into six terms:

· September to October

· October to December

· January to February

· February to March

· April to May

· June to July

Their main School holidays are:

Christmas – 2 weeks
Spring – 2 weeks
Summer – 6 weeks

They have a one week holiday at the end of every odd numbered term.

When do kids start school?

In general, children start school on the first day of term after they turn 5. At the age of 11, they move on to regular high schools, known as secondary schools.

When do kids finish school?

English children are required to attend school until they are 16 years old.
At the age of 16, students write an examination called the GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). All students are tested in mathematics, English literature, English composition, chemistry, biology, physics, history or the Classics, one modern language, and one other subject, such as art or computer studies.

After completing the GCSE, some students leave school, others go onto technical college, whilst others continue at high school for two more years and take a further set of standardized exams, known as A levels, in three or four subjects. These exams determine whether a student is eligible for university.

Education stages

Children’s education in England is normally divided into two separate stages. They begin with primary education at the age of five and this usually lasts until they are eleven. Then they move to secondary school, there they stay until they reach 16, 17 or 18 years of age.

PRIMARY PHASE (Key Stages 3 and 4)

Infant Schools: 5-7 years

Junior Schools: 7-11 years

Primary Schools: 5-11 years

SECONDARY PHASE

(Key Stages 3 and 4)

Secondary Schools: 11-16 or 11-18 years

Comprehensive Schools or Grammar Schools

FURTHER SECONDARY PHASE

Sixth Form Colleges: 16-18 years

Colleges of Further Education: 16-18 years.

TERTIARY PHASE

University 18 +

What is the National Curriculum?

The national curriculum is compulsory in all state schools throughout England. It was introduced in 1988, and states what is taught in state schools. It is set by government guidelines.

What are Sats?

Pupils are assessed at various stages throughout their education. These national curriculum tests are known as “Sats”.

Key stages

Under the National curriculum, as a result of the Education Reform Act 1988, four Key Stages were established. These are:

Key Stage 1: 5 to 7 years old

Key Stage 2: 7 to 11 years old
Key Stage 3: 11 to 14 years old
Key Stage 4: 14 to 16 years old

What type of Secondary Schools are there in England?

There are three main types of secondary schools -

• Comprehensive
• Grammar schools
• High Schools

Comprehensive schools are open to all children.
Grammar schools require an entrance exam, they are selective schools.

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 881