Home Random Page


CATEGORIES:

BiologyChemistryConstructionCultureEcologyEconomyElectronicsFinanceGeographyHistoryInformaticsLawMathematicsMechanicsMedicineOtherPedagogyPhilosophyPhysicsPolicyPsychologySociologySportTourism






Analyze Scientific Management theory


Modern management began in the late 19th century.
Organizations were seeking ways to better satisfy customer needs.
Machinery was changing the way goods were produced.
Managers had to increase the efficiency of the worker-task mix.
Theory (scientific discipline) management can be described as accumulated by certain rules and logically ordered knowledge is a system of principles, methods and management technologies developed on the basis of information received both empirically and as a result of research in various fields of science.

 

Management theory is characterized by the following features:
• focused on the solution of practical problems;
• has an interdisciplinary character;
• Develop an international scale.


Managementis designed to solve practical problems. It focuses on research and development of the rules of effective management in order to achieve good results, it is the criterion of quality. This implies the following demands to the management theory:


• First, it must provide the employees involved practical activities and knowledge, helping them to improve their management;
• secondly, to promote the professional development of managers and especially the preparation of candidates for these positions;
• Third, to identify areas and issues requiring further research and development in order to promote the development of the cognitive base.

Management theory - a young discipline, the systematic development of its foundations started relatively recently. It has become the subject of academic research is mainly in the XX century. The intensity of study began only after the Second World War

 

7. Describe the Job specialization
Adam Smith, 18th century economist, found firms manufactured pins in two ways:
Craft - each worker did all steps

Factory - each worker specialized in one step.

Smith found that the factory method had much higher productivity.
Each worker became very skilled at one, specific task.
Breaking down the total job allowed for the division of labor.
Adam Smith - a Scottish economist and philosopher of ethics; one of the founders of modern economic theory.

One of the factors increasing labor productivity is the division of labor and specialization. Social production - it's part of the economic system, which is a lot of companies, industries, sectors of the economy, linked into a whole division of labor and specialization. Thus, the division of labor is the basis of the integrity of the national economy.

The division of labor - such a system work, which develops as a result of differentiation of labor, ie, the dismemberment of work on the part of leading to the separation of different types of labor.

The division of labor appears and develops under the influence of scientific and technological progress. The division of labor contributes to the growth of labor productivity. The employee, concentrating its efforts on the production of individual parts or a separate operation, increases their skills, invents a more advanced technology, aimed at reducing the time of production parts
Specialization of production is the result of the division of labor. It is expressed in the increasing number of individuals, independent operations and types of production, the number of companies producing a narrower range of products.
The main symptom of a specialized company - is the homogeneity of the products.
An important factor in the productivity of labor is labor cooperation. The more deep is the division of labor becomes more narrow specialization of production, the more manufacturers are becoming interdependent, the greater the need for harmonization and coordination between the different productions. To operate in conditions of interdependence, cooperation is needed in the labor conditions of the enterprise and in terms of the whole society.




Date: 2015-12-18; view: 668


<== previous page | next page ==>
Describe the Managerial Functions | L Focuses on the way a manager should personally manage to motivate employees.
doclecture.net - lectures - 2014-2024 year. Copyright infringement or personal data (0.006 sec.)