To bring a knot close to the end of the thread.

1. With the thumb and forefinger of the right hand, take hold of the thread a few inches from the end.

2. Wind the end around the forefinger of the left hand, about midway of the finger-nail.

3. Pressing tightly, roll the end of the thread downward on the side of the thumb, twisting it once or twice.

4. Bring the second finger upon the thumb, and over the thread.

5. Lifting the forefinger, draw up the thread with the right hand.

The knot can also be made with the right hand.

To fasten the threadin sewing, take two or three stitches in the same place, or sew back a few stitches. Fasten silk very securely as it is apt to work out.

When learning to sew, it is best to use colored thread on white cloth, as it makes the stitches plainer, and mistakes are more easily seen. For colored work, choose thread or silk a shade darker than the material, as it will work lighter. Twist is twirled the opposite way from cotton thread.

The size of the needle and threadto be used, depends upon the quality of the work. A coarse needle and thread are used for coarse work, and a fine needle and thread for fine work.

The numbers of needles and thread needed for the different kinds of stitches in cotton cloth:—

Hemming, tucking: No. 9 needle, No. 70 or 80 thread.

Running, stitching, overhanding, overcasting: No. 8 needle, No. 50 or 60 thread.

Button-holes: No. 7 or 8 needle, No. 40 or 50 thread.

Basting, gathering: No. 7 or 8 needle, No. 36 or 40 thread.

· What is a needle?

· Why is an assorted paper of needles necessary?

· Why should they be kept in their places in the paper?

· Why should the paper of needles be kept tied up?

· How should a needle be passed to any one?

· What is thread?

· What is thread made from flax called?

· What is thread made from silk called?

· What is said about cotton thread?

· What is thread made from wool called?

· How is thread broken from the spool?

· How long a piece of thread should be used?

· If it kinks, what should be done?

· Which end of the thread should be put into the needle?

· What is done to the end of the thread before threading the needle?

· What part of the finger should the thread be wound around, in order to bring a knot close to the end of the thread?

· How many times should the thread be twisted, when rolling it down the side of the thumb?

· What is the next thing to do? Next?

· How is thread fastened in sewing?

· When should a coarse needle and thread be used? A fine needle and thread?

· What size needle and thread should be used on cotton cloth for hemming? tucking? running? stitching? overhanding? overcasting? button-holes? basting? gathering?

CLOTH

Cloth is a fabric woven from cotton, wool, linen, or silk. Cotton is the cheapest, and silk the most expensive in price. From cotton are made many qualities of unbleached, half-bleached, and bleached cloth, also calicoes, ginghams, muslins, nainsooks, cambrics, etc. From wool are made flannels, cashmeres, and many varieties of dress goods. Linen cloth is made in all grades, from the finest linen lawn to heavy canvas; it is generally used for collars, cuffs, handkerchiefs, table-cloths, napkins, towels, etc. Silk is made into dress-silks, ribbons, satins, velvets etc. Soft, pliable, white cotton cloth (often called muslin) of medium quality is best for a beginner to use at first.

The threads of the cloth are called the warp and the woof. The threads running lengthwise are the warp, those running across from selvedge to selvedge are the woof; both can be easily seen on a piece of coarse crash. The warp is usually stronger than the woof, and for this reason, any part of a garment requiring strength, should be cut lengthwise of the cloth.

Cloth is woven straight, but is sometimes drawn out of shape by pressing. When you can ravel a thread the width or length of the cloth, it is straight, or will become so after washing. If it looks uneven, it can be drawn into place by stretching it on the bias. Calico, when torn, often looks very uneven, and should be pulled into shape.

The selvedge of cloth is the finished lengthwise edge, and cannot be ravelled. The raw edge is the edge that is cut or torn. A fold is the edge made by doubling one part of the cloth over the other. The nap is the shaggy substance on the surface of the cloth. To tear a piece of cloth, cut in one inch by a thread, then, holding a corner of the cut between the thumb and forefinger of each hand, roll the edges from you, and tear steadily; a fine piece of cloth must be torn carefully.

· What is cloth?

· Name some kinds of cloth made from cotton; from wool; from linen; from silk.

· What are the threads of the cloth running lengthwise of the goods called? Those running across?

· How can you tell when a piece of cotton cloth is straight?

· If it looks uneven, how can it be drawn into shape?

· What is the selvedge of cloth? The raw edge?

· What is a fold?

· How should a piece of cloth be torn?

Date: 2015-12-17; view: 541