Name and define liver diseases you know.

Liver diseases

1.What is the liver? describe the anatomy and morphology of the liver.

Liver is the largest and most complex organ in the body. Most of its lies in the right upper side of the abdomen under the diaphragm and ribs and it extends across to the left side of the body, overlying the upper of the stomach. It is covered by a tough fibrous capsule Liver is dived into four lobes : left, right, caudate and quadrate lobe.

2. What are the principle physiological functions of the human liver?

The cells of the liver process digested food, storing as much of it as is required and converting the remainder into substances the body needs. The liver stores vitamins (except vitamin C) until they are required and its reserves can last for many month. In addition the lever destroys many poisonous substances that may be absorbed into the body and acts as an organ of excretion. Bile salts are formed in the liver. Also unwanted proteins are destroyed and changed into urea which is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys and excreted in the urine.

3. What factors may cause liver diseases?

The liver is a complex organ that can be disrupted by a number of disorders of which the major causes include infection, poisoning, excessive alcohol, metabolic abnormalities, obstruction and deficienty diseases.

Name and define liver diseases you know.

I know such liver diseases as hepatic encephalopathy, cirrhosis, hepatoma and hepatitis.

Cirrhosis is a type of permanent and progressive liver damage such as formation of fibrous scars and nodules that connected to involve large areas of the liver.

5. What are the symptoms of liver diseases?

Many disorders don’t produce any symptoms until they have reached the advanced stage because the liver has large reserves that can be used if it is damage. The firs symptoms of many disorders s jaundice, which occurswhen the bile pigment bilirubin accumulates in the blood.

6. What is the cirrhosis?What may cause the cirrhosis?What are its types?

Cirrhosis is a type of permanent and progressive liver damage. One of the commonest causes of cirrhosis is alcohol abuse. Other causes include infections such as hepatits and cholangitis autoimmune disease some rare inherited diseases and some drugs and chemicals. There 6 types cirrhosis 1)Laennec’s 2)postnecrotic 3)biliary 4)hemochromatosis 5) Cardiac or congestive or 6) rare and nonspecific cirrhosis

7. What are the symptoms of the cirrhosis?

Early symptoms can include weakness and a feeling of tiredness loss of appetite nausea and vomiting of blood and constipation or diarrhea.Symptoms of advanced cirrhosis include jaundice broken blood vessels a hard liver a swollen abdomen and swollen ankles.Some men suffering from the disorder experience an enlargement of their breasts loss of pubic hair and shrinking of the testicles.

8. What is treatment for the cirrhosis?

In cirrhosis caused by autoimmune disease steroids and immunosuppressive drugs may be prescribed. Specialized care over a long period includes a highprotein diet with extra vitamins. Antibiotic drugs may be prescribed if there is infection.

9. What is the difference between the hepatitis A and hepatitis B (etiology incubation period transmission contagious rate)?

Hepatitis A has a shorter incubation period and higher contagious rate than hepatitis B.

Hepatitis A is transmitted by a fecal-oral route, while hepatitis B is transmitted by the parenteral route.

10.What are the histological and morphological lesions of hepatitis?

Date: 2015-12-11; view: 647