| NO | LANGUAGE UNIT | NOTES | 
    | 1. | a chaperon(e) | an older woman in the past who went out with a  young unmarried woman on social occasions and was responsible for her  behaviour | 
    | 2. | She had no business to  do it. No business at all! | to do  something you should not be doing:
  He was  drunk and had no business driving!  (He had no business to drive). | 
    | 3. | Any nook will do  for me. | DHa small space in a corner of a room:
  the table  in the breakfast nook | 
    | 4. | between the squalor  of London and the squalor of Prato | the  condition of being dirty and unpleasant because of a lack of care or money:
  We lived  in squalor for a year and a half. | 
    | 5. | going off the track | the  direction or line taken by something as it moves
  *get off the track(SP)  to begin to deal with a new subject rather than the main one which was being  discussed:   Don't get off the track, we're looking at this year's figures not last  year's. | 
    | 6. | He meant to be  kind. | to intend  to do something or intend that someone else should do something
  I've been meaning to ask you if you want to come for a meal next week. 
  I'm sure he didn't mean any harm.
  He may sound a bit rude at times, but he means well (=intends  to be helpful or kind, even if it does not seem like that). | 
    | 7. | He would not take  advantage. | to use a  particular situation to do or get what you want:   I took advantage of the good weather to paint the shed. | 
    | 8. | There are no jewels more becoming  to a lady. (cornflowers) | a piece of  clothing, a hairstyle, etc that is becoming makes you look attractive:
  Her short  hairstyle is very becoming. | 
    | 9. | May I say something daring? | 1.involving  a lot of risk or danger, or brave enough to do risky things:
  a daring  rescue attempt
  2.new or  unusual in a way that may shock people:
  a daring new building | 
    | 10. | I’m peevish  afterwards. Naturally one would be stirred up. | PEEVISH easily  annoyed by small and unimportant things [↪ bad-tempered]: The kids were peevish after  so long in the car.  STIR UP to deliberately try to cause arguments or bad  feelings between people: John was always stirring up trouble in class.  Dave's just trying to stir things up  because he's jealous.  (Here probably used to refer to the inner  conflict). | 
    | 11. | I put it down to  too much Beethoven. | 1.to think  that something is caused by something else:
  I was  having difficulty reading, which I put down to the poor light.  *2.put it down to experienceto try not to feel too upset about failure,  especially when you learn something useful from it: Everyone gets rejected  from time to time; put it down to experience. | 
    | 12. | Turkish cannons | a large heavy powerful gun  that was used in the past to fire heavy metal balls | 
    | 13. | He’s very muddled. | confused:
  muddled thinking
  The  situation today is very muddled. | 
    | 14. | He’s been brought up free  from the superstition… | a belief that  some objects or actions are lucky or unlucky, or that they cause events to  happen, based on old ideas of magic:
  the old  superstition that walking under a ladder is unlucky | 
    | 15. | They are all peasants. | a poor  farmer who owns or rents a small amount of land, either in past times or in  poor countries:
  Most  villagers are peasant farmers. | 
    | 16. | We will simply drift. | to move,  change, or do something without any plan or purpose:
  Jenni spent the year drifting around Europe.
  Theconversation driftedfrom one topic to another. 
  Idly she  let her eyes drift over his desk. | 
    | 17. | A true Florentine smell. Inhale,  my dear. | to breathe  in air, smoke, or gas:  It is dangerous to inhale ammonia fumes.
  Myra lit  another cigarette andinhaled deeply (=breathed in a lot of  smoke). | 
    | 18. | I nearly fainted  myself. | to  suddenly become unconscious for a short time [= pass out]:   Several fans fainted in the blazing heat. | 
    | 19. | Gossiping. | to talk  about other people's behaviour and private lives, often including remarks  that are unkind or untrue:   The whole town was gossiping about them.WORD FOCUS: talk   | 
    | 20. | Something tremendous  has happened. | very big,  fast, powerful etc:
  Suddenly, there was a tremendous bang, and the whole station shook.
  She was  making atremendous effort to appear calm. | 
    | 21. | I abhor Baedeker.  I’d fling every copy in the Arno. | ABHOR (FML)to hate a kind of behaviour  or way of thinking, especially because you think it is morally wrong: I  abhor discrimination of any kind.    FLING to throw something somewhere using a lot of force:He flung the box into the river.  People cheered and flung their hats into the air. | 
    | 22. | Have we bolted? (the carriage) | to  suddenly run somewhere very quickly, especially in order to escape or because  you are frightened:
  The horse reared up and bolted.
  Kevin had  bolted through the open window. | 
    | 23. | He’s saying his creed. | 1.a set of  beliefs or principles:
  Marxism has never been weaker as apolitical creed.
  areligious creed
  people of  all colours and creeds
  2. The Creed - RRCa formal statement of belief spoken in certain  Christian churches | 
    | 24. | Observe my foresight.  I never venture anywhere without my mackintosh squares. | the  ability to imagine what is likely to happen and to consider this when  planning for the future [↪ forethought]:   It was an example of the authorities’lack of foresight.
  Luckily  I’dhad the foresight to get in plenty of food. | 
    | 25. | You had an adventure  there. Vain to deny it. | a vain  attempt, hope or search fails to achieve the result you wanted:
  The young mother diedin a vain attempt to save her drowning son. | 
    | 26. | I don’t wish to judge him uncharitably,  but I know he will talk. | UNCHARITABLE: unkind or unfair in the way  you judge people: uncharitable remarks | 
    | 27. | They seldom keep their exploits  to themselves. | a brave  and exciting adventure that someone has had
  the daring  exploits of the British Parachute Regiment | 
    | 28. | I have vexed you at  every turn. | VEX: (OLD-FASHIONED) to make  someone feel annoyed or worried: a  vexing problem
  AT EVERY TURN: happening again and again,  especially in an annoying way:   problems that presented themselves at every turn | 
    | 29. | There’s such a beautiful confidence  between you. | the  feeling that something is definite or true; trust:
  The new director began to win the confidence  of the villagers.  Elsa took me into her confidence  and told me about some of the problems she was facing.  
  *confide IN somebody   to tell someone about  something very private or secret, especially a personal problem, because you  feel you can trust them:
  I've never  felt able to confide in my sister. | 
    | 30. | We’ll both be as silent  as the grave. | (=completely  silent in a mysterious or uncomfortable way) | 
    | 31. | You shouldn’t peep. | to look at  something quickly and secretly, especially through a hole or opening [= peek; ↪ peer]
  The door was ajar and Helen peeped in.
  Henry  peeped through the window into the kitchen. | 
    | 32. | Ridiculous child. You  think you are so holy and truthful, but really it’s just conceit. | an  attitude that shows you have too high an opinion of your own abilities or  importance [= conceitedness]:
  The  conceit of the woman! | 
    | 33. | I have a pet theory  about Miss Honeychurch. | a plan, idea, or subject  that you particularly like or are interested in | 
    | 34. | One day music and life  will mingle. | if two  feelings, sounds, smells etc mingle, they mix together with each  other:
  Add the mint and allow the flavours to mingle.
  Her perfume mingled with the smell of woodsmoke from the fire.  Her excitement was mingled with a  slight feeling of fear. | 
    | 35. | This day is at hand. | (FML)  likely to happen soon:
  Recent  economic performance suggests that a major crisis is at hand. | 
    | 36. | Your vicar’s benediction. | a Christian  prayer that asks God to protect and help someone (~ blessing) | 
    | 37. | How dare you be so  serious. | (SP) said to  show that you are very angry and shocked about what someone has done or said:  How dare you accuse me of lying! | 
    | 38. | How would you like spinsters  as tenants? | SPINSTER (OLD-FASHIONED)an unmarried  woman, usually one who is no longer young and seems unlikely to marry  TENANT: someone who lives in a  house, room etc and pays rent to the person who owns it:  The desk was left by the previous tenant. | 
    | 39. | Don’t slouch, Lucy. | (noun)  a way of standing, sitting, or walking with your shoulders  bent forward that makes you look tired or lazy | 
    | 40. | Don’t get your frock  muddied. | (OLD-FASHIONED):  a woman's  or girl's dress:   a party frock | 
    | 41. | Those old women smirking. | to smile  in an unpleasant way that shows that you are pleased by someone else's bad  luck or think you are better than other people:
  The boys tried not to smirk. | 
    | 42. | I consider him far above  the average. | having  qualities that are typical of most people or things: The average American  has not even thought about next year's election. | 
    | 43. | his sham aesthetics | made to  appear real in order to deceive people [= false]: a sham marriage | 
    | 44. | And everyone is taken  in. | to be  completely deceived by someone who lies to you: Don't be taken in by  products claiming to help you lose weight in a week. | 
    | 45. | How cross you are! | (esp.BRE)  angry or annoyed:
  She gets cross when he goes out drinking.
  Sometimes I get very cross with the children. | 
    | 46. | It’s hardly a lake. More  of a puddle. | a small  pool of liquid, especially rain water:
  Children splashed through the puddles. 
  He had  fallen asleep, his head resting in a puddle of beer. | 
    | 47. | I told him of my plan to lure  you hither(=here). | to  persuade someone to do something, especially something wrong or dangerous, by  making it seem attractive or exciting:
  People may be lured into buying tickets by clever advertising. 
  Computer  games are luring youngsters away from their lessons. | 
    | 48. | She’s purging off  that Honeychurch taint. | PURGE(LITERARY)to remove bad feelings:  We have to begin by purging our minds of prejudice.  Any doubts about his leadership were purged by the courage of his  performance.  TAINTthe appearance of being related to  something bad or morally wrong:   The city has suffered for many years under the taint of corruption. | 
    | 49. | pudding | Say out  loud! | 
    | 50. | I’ll send our children to  Italy for subtlety. | the  quality that something has when it has been done in a clever or skilful way,  with careful attention to small details:
  The play lacks subtlety.
  She argued  her case with considerable subtlety. | 
    | 51. | Get her round her shins. | the  quality that something has when it has been done in a clever or skilful way,  with careful attention to small details:
  The play lacks subtlety.
  She argued  her case with considerable subtlety. | 
    | 52. | You really are savages,  you know! | OLD-FASHIONED,  NOT POLITEa very  offensive word for someone who has a simple, traditional way of life | 
    | 53. | What a weathercock  Sir Harry is. | a  weather vane in the shape of a male chicken  Think  of the figurative meaning. | 
    | 54. | a simple burrow | a passage in the ground made  by an animal such as a rabbit or fox as a place to live | 
    | 55. | You scored off Sir  Harry, but at my expense. | to say or  do something in an attempt to prove that you are better or cleverer than  someone else:
  He liked  scoring off his pupils in his days as a teacher. | 
    | 56. | It was most disloyal. | doing or  saying things that do not support your friends, your country, or the group  you belong to [≠ loyal]: 
  He felt he  had been disloyal to his friends. | 
    | 57. | Temper, Lucy, temper. | (=Control  yourself, Lucy).
  TEMPER a  tendency to become angry suddenly or easily:
  That temper of hers will get her into trouble one of these days.
  Theo needs to learn to controlhistemper.
  I've never  seen Vic lose his temper. | 
    | 58. | On reflection, it’s not coincidental that you are here now. | (=after  thinking carefully about it)
  At first I  disagreed, but on reflection, I realized she was right. | 
    | 59. | plumbers | someone  whose job is to repair water pipes, baths, toilets etc | 
    | 60. | She gets on my nerves. | INFML if someone  gets on your nerves, they annoy you, especially by doing something all the  time:  She's always moaning. It really gets on my nerves. | 
    | 61. | Whenever I speak, he winces. | to  suddenly change the expression on your face as a reaction to something  painful or upsetting:
  Sandra  winced as the dentist started to drill. | 
    | 62. | We must put up with it. | to accept  an unpleasant situation or person without complaining:
  She put up  with his violent temper. | 
    | 63. | He doesn’t mean to be uncivil. | CIVIL polite in a formal but not  very friendly way [↪ civility]: Try at least to be civil. | 
    | 64. | Must he sneer? | to smile  or speak in a very unkind way that shows you have no respect for someone or  something:
  'Is that your best outfit?' he sneered. 
  She  sneered at Tom's musical tastes. | 
    | 65. | He’s topping! He’s spiffing!  He’s simply ripping! | SPIFFING a very  posh and outdated word meaning “excellent” [fantabuluos :-)]:  We're having such a spiffing time.   He's a spiffing bloke.  RIPPING Something  or someone who is really, really good:   She is a ripping dancer.  Last night was ripping. | 
    | 66. | Sunday week | Monday week/Tuesday week etc(BrE)TMCa week  after the day that is mentioned:   We're off to Spain Sunday week. | 
    | 67. | What a stupid blunder! | a careless  or stupid mistake:
  A  last-minute blunder cost them the match. | 
    | 68. | MONEY UNITS
  sovereigna British gold  coin used in the past that was worth £1
  shillingan old British  coin or unit of money. There were 20 shillings in one pound.
  bobINFMLa shilling: At last I'm making a few bob (=a reasonable amount of  money).
  quidBrE, INFMLone pound in money: She earns at least 600 quid a week.
  crownan old British coin. Four crowns made a pound. | 
    | 69. | Toss for it! | (esp. BrE)  to throw a coin in the air, so that a decision will be made according to the  side that faces upwards when it comes down [= flipAmE]
  They tosseda coin to decide who would go first. 
  We  couldn't make up our minds, so we decided to toss for it. | 
    | 70. | I’m a spoilsport.  But it would make me wretched. | SPOILSPORT someone  who spoils other people's fun:  Don't be such a spoilsport.
  WRETCHED if you  feel wretched, you feel guilty and unhappy because of something bad that you  have done: Guy felt wretched  about it now. | 
    | 71. | What a nuisance I  am! | a person,  thing, or situation that annoys you or causes problems:
  What a nuisance! I've forgotten my ticket. 
  I hate to be a nuisance, but could you move your car to the other side of  the street? | 
    | 72. | a barley field | a plant that produces a grain used for making  food or alcohol | 
    | 73. | poppies | a plant that has brightly coloured, usually  red, flowers and small black seeds | 
    | 74. | an ivory box | the hard  smooth yellowish-white substance from the tusks (=long teeth)of an elephant:
  an ivory chess set | 
    | 75. | Nothing must hinder  us ever again. | to make it  difficult for something to develop or succeed:
  His career has been hindered by injury.
  policies  that will hinder rather than help families | 
    | 76. | Do play, that’s a good  chap. | (~Good  boy). | 
    | 77. | It was the last straw.
  (It was the last straw  that broke the camel’s back). | the last  problem in a series of problems that finally makes you give up, get angry etc:
  Making me  work late on Friday was the last straw. | 
    | 78. | She must spare me. | to not  damage or harm someone or something, even though other people or things are  being damaged, killed, or destroyed:
  I could not understand why I had been spared and they had not.
  the  soldier who had sparedhis life | 
    | 79. | in lieu of Constantinople… | FMLinstead of: extra time off in lieu of payment | 
    | 80. | paper soap | = paper-thin soap sheets - as an alternative to bar  and/or liquid soap. Paper soap is not only easy to carry, store and use  (especially for travel), but quickly dissolves in water without leaving  behind residual soap scum in a soap dish or on a sink as typically seen with  wet soap bars or dripping soap dispensers. | 
    | 81. | He is such a standby. | ready to  help immediately if you are needed:
  A special  team of police were kept on standby. | 
    | 82. | She lacked…radiance. | (LITERARY)  great happiness that shows in someone's face and makes them look attractive:
  a young  face full of radiance | 
    | 83. | It was all done with great  discretion, naturally. | the  ability to deal with situations in a way that does not offend, upset, or  embarrass people or tell any of their secrets: British newspapers no longer feel they  must treat the royal family with discretion. | 
    | 84. | For the time  being, she would like to keep it quiet. | for a  short period of time from now, but not permanently:
  Now, for the time being, she is living with her father in Tijuana. | 
    | 85. | I come into my  money next year. | to receive  money, land, or property from someone after they have died: She'll come into quite a lot of money  when her father dies. | 
    | 86. | latchkey | a key that  opens a lock on an outside door of a house or apartment
  *a latchkey kid (OLD-FASHIONED) SSCa child whose parents both work  and who spends time alone in the house after school | 
    | 87. | They are such an agreeable  family. | (WRITTEN or  OLD-FASHIONED) pleasant [≠ disagreeable]:   We spent a most agreeable couple of hours. | 
    | 88. | She’ll mope till  next Friday. | to feel  sorry for yourself, without making any effort to do anything or be more happy:
  Don't lie there moping on a lovely morning like this!
  The week  he died, we all sat around and moped. | 
    | 89. | He misbehaved abominably. | ABOMINABLE extremely unpleasant or of  very bad quality [= terrible]: abominable cruelty | 
    | 90. | You love the boy body  and soul. | a)  completely:
  She threw herself body and soul into her work.  b)the whole of a person: 
  They think  they own the employees, body and soul. | 
    | 91. | You deceived  everyone, including yourself. | to make  someone believe something that is not true [= trick; ↪ deception]:
  He had been deceived by a young man claiming to be the son of a  millionaire. 
  I thought she loved me, but I was deceiving myself. | 
    | 92. | He thinks he is being dignified. | behaving  in a calm and serious way, even in a difficult situation, which makes people  respect you:
  a dignified old lady
  She made a  dignified departure. |