Ems and SDs based on the interaction of logical and emotive meanings

Lexical stylistic devices include epithets, oxymoron, interjections. Their feature - the combination of primary dictionary and subjective emotive evaluating meanings. Logical meaning is the precise meaning of the idea, object. Emotive meaning has references to feelings and emotions of the speaker towards the thing or to his emotions. Emotive meaning is registered in the dictionary and is embedded in the structure of the word. "Good" has a positive emotive meaning. Emotional meaning is in the language in use only. It can't be registered in a dictionary; each word has either positive or negative meaning.

Evaluated meaning can be positive or negative. Very often language evaluated meaning, situational and emotional meanings overlap. Figurative meaning is a concept developed through a kind of impression which has been produced by the concept [a warm man].

Interjections are words we use when we express our feelings strongly and which may be said to exist in language as conventional symbols of emotions. They can be divided into primary <devoided of the language meaning and having only emotive meaning> [Ah! Oh!]. We regard them as negative. In the text they have emotive meaning; derivative - partly retained logical meaning, but emotional meaning is stronger [boy, well, fine]. Interjections may be divided into colloquial [gosh, well, why], bookish [alas], neutral [oh, ah].

Epithet is an interplay of logical, emotive, evaluative and figurative meanings. It has the following structure: adjective + noun [wild wind, loud ocean]

verb + adverb [he laughed heartedly]

Classification of epithets 1. Semantically, epithets may be divided into two groups:

a) associated is a point to a feature, which is essential to the object; they describe the idea which is to a certain extent inherent to the concept of the object [Dark Forest - the idea of the colour]

b) unassociated are the attributes used to characterize the object by adding a feature which is not inherent in it; it will surprise the readers by unexpectedness and novelty; as a rule they are used to describe humour [bread-and-butter letter, stock question].

There is no clear barrier between associated and unassociasted epithets. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish between these two notions [restless sea].

2. Figurative and non-figurative epithets based on their figurative basis. Figurative epithets are metaphorical [foxy fates], metonymical [Cold War, Golden Years], ironical []

3. From the structural point of view epithets can be simple, compound [heart-burning smile], phrase [good-for-nothing boy], sentence [he spoke in what-are-you-going-to-do-about-it manner].

4. Originally, epithets can be trite <expressive means of the language> [dark forest, Cold War] and geniune <a stylistic device which is always subjective, new, renders evaluation and modality, is stronger than trite>. [a joyful mountain top - an epithet based on metonymical periphrasis].

5. From the point of view of distribution of the epithets we distinguish transferred epithets which are originally logical attributes and describe a state of a human being, but they be referred to an animate objects [sleepless pillow].

String of epithets which gives a many-sided depiction of the object [rosy-cheecked, aple-faced young woman].

Oxumoron is a stylistic device based on the interrelation of primary logical and emotional types of meanings. structural models: - adjective + noun [sweet sorrow];verb + adverb [peopled desert]

It can be trite [awfully happy] and geniune [proud humidity]. It can be used widely to create a humorous effect in advertising, publicistic and belles-lettres style.

Date: 2015-01-29; view: 1997