A hyphen belongs, if: 1.The designated word and apposition are the general names: playful wind-fellow, mother nature. 2. The designated word stands after an apposition (proper name): Sapun-hill. 3. An apposition enters in the complement of term: sword-fish, frog-bull, work-description.
A hyphen does not belong, if: 1. An apposition is the specific name: grass origanum, flower lily of the valley, cap Kubanka. 2. An apposition is the names of people generally accepted in the way of life: citizen’s passengers, Mr. Chairman.
In quotation marks undertake: 1. Names of enterprises, organizations, establishments: combine "Dnepr", hotel "Ukraine". 2. Names of newspapers, magazines, works of literature and art: magazine "Knowledge", play "Ivan Masepa" 3. Names of trains, steamships: train-express "Ukraine" 4. Names of sporting societies, clubs, commands and others like that: soccer command "Dnepr". 5. Names of domestic objects: refrigerator "Kyiv".
In quotation marks does not undertake: 1. Names of bus and railway routes: train Kyiv is Kovel 2. Names of cities, villages, rivers, lakes: city Khmelnitsky. 3. Names of enterprises, establishments and others like that, if before them there are words of the name, memory: library of the name of Lesia Ukrainka.
In the cases when it is not possible to set, what value wider, but that narrower, an apposition, as a rule, is hyphened: teacher-physicist and physicist-teacher, answer-remark and remark- answer, mechanic-driver and driver-mechanic, “maniac-killer”.
Sometimes an apposition to the designated word joins by means of explanatory conjunction as. Such application is not distinguished commas: Shevchenko as poet is known in the whole world. Apposition with explanatory conjunction as distinguished by commas on either side only then, when she has a causal tint: Kruvunskiy, as a mediator, went out beforehand communities (Panas Murniy). Here an apposition as a mediator specifies on the cause, why Kruvunskiy went out beforehand communities (because he was a mediator).
Becomes separated from commas, if: a) stands after an explanatory word, expressed by a noun (mostly by the proper name): Around black frightful sea, abyss of water and anger.
b) touches the personal pronoun: Far beyond the blue sea they perished on stranger strange land, deprived of one's share seekers of happiness. c) stands before an explanatory noun and has a tint of circumstance: the wonderful pianist, Lysenko extraordinarily exactly and artistically passed works of Shopen, Shuman, List. d) joins words or, on the name, on the last name, by birth, origin, on the name, so-called, for example, namely, id est., or (id est.), for example, in particular, especially and other : the Human fellow, uncle of Lion nephew, Lykash on the name.
e) joins conjunction as well as has a tint of reason. Such separation does not depend on the place of apposition in a sentence: As a sister, a tireless friend, severe work, bent above you. Apposition that together with a word as specify on other additional tints or matter “in a role of whom do not become separated from, what”: the Forest met me as second. The separated applications become separated from to the dash:
f) if they stand at the end of sentence and it is possible before them, not changing maintenance, to thrust in words namely: In a house is yet for him two girl is Domaha and Melanka. g) if widespread applications already have in the composition punctuation marks: to have - stately, somewhat dark Greek that was as though a senior sister to Olga is knitting knots, when girls called at a house.[http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0]
Writing of appositions. If a family concept is preceded specific, then an apposition is written separately (an appositions a specific concept): grass st-john's-wort, flower ofsnowdrop, tree fir-tree.
A hyphen belongs at the reverse order of words, and in this case an appendix is a family concept at specific: st-john's-wort-grass, snowdrop-flower.
From connections of appositional tipes as it follows to distinguish not appositional connections that is also hyphened, in particular difficult words: bread and salt. The basic sign of appositional word-combination is its equality with one concept: and an appositions, and explainable noun, are the different names of the same object: people-fighter, woman-mother, medical practitioner. One of words here is main, explainable, and second -dependent. In connections of not appositional character components mean two different objects and come forwards equal in rights, id est. coordinating, elements of certain unity, and that is why between them it is possible to putconjunction of unity and.
