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INSTITUTE OF PRESIDENCY IN UKRAINE

In Ukraine, the institute of presidency at the head of state is comparatively new phenomenon in political life and state building of Ukraine.

The birth of a democratic society in the country began as far back as during the Cossacks; however, the tremendous development of democracy and, at the same time, formation of the institute of presidency occurred at the background of the struggle for liberation during the second decade of the 20th century. Four Universals (decrees) were issued during the Central Rada that had to lay the basis the democratization of the Ukrainian society. On April 29, 1918, the Central Rada elected Mykhailo Hrushevsky the President of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and by its latest decree of January 22, 1919, declaring complete political independence of Ukraine from Russia.

Within the USSR, the functions of the head of state in the Ukrainian SSR until 1991 was performed by the Verkhovna Rada, seem as the supreme organ of the state power, its Presidium as continuing body of the Government, and its Chairman.

Making the institution of presidency of Ukraine was the key element in the reformation of state power connected with the proclamation of Ukrainian independence and change of its constitutional system. On July 5, 1991, the following laws of Ukraine were adopted: “On Founding the Post of President of the Ukrainian SSR and Introduction of Changes and Addenda to the Constitution (Fundamental Law) of the Ukrainian SSR”, “On President of the Ukrainian SSR”, and “On Elections of President of the Ukrainian SSR”.

The Institute of Presidency in its present form did not form at once. At first, the President in accord to his status and title was the highest official in the country, becoming next the Head of State and Executive Power, to act as the Head of State at present in accord with the Constitution in force.


Date: 2015-01-29; view: 1151


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