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SAKEN SEYFULLIN – A MARTYR FOR FREEDOM

 

Saken Seyfullin (15 October 1894 – 28 February 1939) was a pioneer of modern Kazakh literature, poet and writer, and national activist. Founder and first head of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan, he was the author of controversial literature calling for greater independence of Kazakhs from Soviet and Russian power. He met repression and was executed in 1939. The Soviet government posthumously rehabilitated him during de-Stalinization.

Seyfullin was born 15 October 1894 in a nomadic settlement in what is today Karagandy Province.

From 1905 to 1908, Seyfullin studied in a Russian-Kazakh school in the Spassk brass works. He went on to study in Akmola in the primary parish school and the Akmola three-class city school. In addition, he taught Russian at a Muslim madrasah. On August 21 of 1913, Seifullin entered the Omsk teaching seminarium. His first article was published in the November edition of Ay Qap magazine. It was at this time that he began to be spied upon by the Omsk okhrana, the secret police.

In 1914, Seyfullin became one of the heads of the first cultural and educational society of Kazakh youth, Birlik (Unity) in Omsk. His book of poetry (Past Days) was published that year.

In 1916, he worked on a property census commission for the 12 volosts of Akmola Uezd. In that year he wrote the poem Volnenie (Unrest), dedicated to Central Asian unrest in 1916. From September 1 of 1916 he taught in Bugula school, which he had a hand in founding.

On 9 March 1917 he moved to Akmola, where he wrote a welcoming poem for the February revolution, "Ñïåøíî ñîáðàëèñü ìû â ïîõîä". In April of that year, Seyfullin created a social-political and cultural society named Æàñ қàçàқ (Young Kazakh). In July, he participated in issue of Tirshilik (Life) newspaper. In September, Seyfullin began teaching three-month pedagogical courses in the new Russian-Kazakh school in Akmolinsk.

Right after the Russian Revolution, Seyfullin wrote a poem, "À íó-êà, äæèãèòû!", which is said to be the first work of Kazakh Soviet literature. On 27 December 1917, the Soviet regime was established in Akmolinsk. Seyfullin was elected a member of the Akmola Deputy Board and was appointed national commissar of education. In February, he was admitted to the Party. On 1 May 1918 was held the premiere of a play by Seyfullin, "Áàқûò æîëûíà" (On the Way of Happiness).

When on June 4, 1918, the White Guard conducted a revolution, Seyfullin was arrested and sent to Petropavlovsk jail. He was put in a Death Carriage of Ataman Michael Annenkoff, where he spent 47 days. He broke out of Kolchak Prison and reached his village by July.

Seyfullin was captured by the agents of the NKVD from Moscow in February 1939 and executed in Almaty, Kazakh SSR, deemed a "threat to the society" and a "nationalist". However, since Independence, Saken Seyfullin is often considered one of the most influential Kazakh thinkers of the 21st century, a major contributor to Kazakh culture and literature, and a martyr for freedom.



 

Ø Answer the questions:

1. When and where was Saken Seyfullin born?

2. What education did he get?

3. What is noticeable in his political and social career?

4. What his famous works can you name?

5. Why is he considered to be a major contributor to Kazakh culture and literature?

6. Why is he called a martyr for freedom?

 

Ø What do the following dates stand for?

1894-1939 1916

1905 1917

1908 1918, June

1914 1939

 

Ø Finish the sentences:

1. S.Seyfullin was a pioneer …

2. The Soviet governement posthumously …

3. His first article …

4. Right after the Russian revolution …

5. He was put …

6. Seyfullin was captured …

 

NURZHUMAN IHTYMBAYEV

 

Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev, a famous Kazakh actor, takes a special place among the entire galaxy of Kazakhstan film stars. He has always been popular and never had an idle time as an actor. It’s no wonder that he is renowned for his great acting skills in the country. For the last 45 years Nurzhuman has appeared in more than 100 films including such remarkable ones as “The Song about Manshuk” (1969), “The Seventh Heaven” (1971), “Taste of Bread” (1979), “The Little Wolf among the People” (1988), “The House at the Salty Lake” (2004), “The Night Patrol” (2004), “The Day Patrol” (2005), “The Gift to Stalin” (2008), “Mother’s Paradise” (2010). He has contributed greatly to both the home cinematography and the foreign one.

Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev was born on May 14, 1941, in the village of Altynemel, Taldy-Kurgan region. He was the 8th son of 13 children in the family. The boy spent his childhood in the Mataisky Mountains, where his father, Baizhuman Kenbayev, worked as a livestock expert. The boy’s mother, Zhumakyz Kenbayeva, was a housewife. The woman was the first to discover Nurzhuman’s bent for music. So she taught the boy to sing whereas his elder brother Nurseit taught him to play the dombra. Then, having a good ear for music, Nurzhuman managed to play the mandolin, the guitar and the balalaika.

At the age of 15 Nurzhuman dared to go to Almaty where he entered the musical studio of the famous Kazakh dombrist Luhpan Kubyshev. Unfortunately the boy had to return to his native aul a year later, as his widowed mother and younger brothers needed a lot of help and support. At that time Nurzhuman didn’t disdain any hard work trying to be helpful for his family. At the same time he remembered to keep fit doing boxing and weightlifting.

However, Nurzhuman’s love of music made him enter the Panphilov Pedagogical College, when he was 20. While a student, he learnt to play the trombone, the tube, the flute and the clarinet. As a result Nurzhuman formed a young people’s folk band which traveled around the region and performed playing the wind-instruments. Later he graduated in teaching music from the Kazakh State Pedagogical University.

Nurzhuman’s career at cinema happened to start in 1966 when the film crew of “The Disturbing Morning” came to his native aul and the producer noticed a good-looking boy. After the invitation to shooting and a successful debut, Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev was accepted as a regular actor of the “Kazakhfilm” film studio.

Since that time the talented actor has succeeded in playing lots of parts in different films. In spite of the fact that he hasn’t got any special education Nurzhuman’s roles show a variety of characters, from laconic and even severe (“The little Wolf among People”) to soft, but nevertheless resolute (“The Gift to Stalin”). Ihtymbayev’s recent work is his joint shooting with the famous French actor Gerard Deparde in the romantic comedy “The Late Love” (2011).

Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev is the National Artist of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Holder of “Parasat” Order. He is the Winner of the State Award of the USSR and the Special Prize of All-America Association of Arts Support. Though the actor has celebrated his 70th anniversary, he is still full of energy and desire to create new characters on the screen.

 

Ø Match the parts of the collocations and translate them from English into Russian:

1. a variety of a. mother

2. a recent b. studio

3. a successful c. comedy

4. home d. aul

5. musical f. debut

6. a native g. work

7. a widowed h. cinematography

8. a romantic i. characters

 

Ø Finish the sentences using information from the text:

1. It’s no wonder that …

2. He has contributed greatly …

3. The boy spent his childhood …

4. Nurzhuman’s love of music …

5. Later he graduated …

6. Since that time the talented actor has succeeded …

 

Ø Answer the questions:

1. Why does Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev take a special place among Kazakhstan film stars?

2. What are the most remarkable films he has acted in?

3. When and where was he born?

4. Who discovered his bent for music?

5. What musical instruments can Nurzhuman play?

6. What sort of education did he get?

7. When did his career at cinema start?

8. What sort of roles has Nurzhuman played?

9. What is his recent work?

10. What awards has Nurzhuman Ihtymbayev won?

 


Date: 2015-01-12; view: 1033


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