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COMPUTERS AND IT TECHNOLOGIES

 

 

UNIT 1

COMPUTERS

 

Text WHAT IS A COMPUTER?

 

The term computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements:

- Hardware

- Software

- People

- Procedures

- Data/information

When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected - for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite – is an element of the total computer system.

 

Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.

 

The basic job of computer is processing information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called a program and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information.

 

 

Comprehension check

Answer the questions

  1. What does the term ‘computer’ describe?
  2. Is computer intelligent?
  3. What are five components of computer system?
  4. What is connectivity?
  5. What is software? What’s the difference between hardware and software?
  6. Why people are the most important component of a computer system/
  7. In what way terms ‘data’ and ‘information’ differ?
  8. How does computer convert data into information?

 

Are the following sentences true or false? If they are false give the right variant.

  1. Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.
  2. Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.
  3. There are five elements of computer system – hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.
  4. The manner in which computers are connected is the connectivity.
  5. Without software instructions hardware doesn’t know what to do.
  6. The software is the most important component because it is made by people.
  7. The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.
  8. Computer is used to help people in decision making process.

 

UNIT 2

 


Date: 2015-01-12; view: 1446


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