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Task 2.3. Read the text and translate.Higher education in Great Britain Part I There are forty-seven universities in Britain and thirty polytechnics, 350 colleges and institutes of higher education (some of which train teachers). All English universities except Oxford and Cambridge are fairly new. London University is the biggest of the modern English universities and is made up of a great variety of colleges and other institutions including medical schools. A university usually has both faculties and departments. The most common faculties are art, law, medicine, science and theology. The departments include engineering, economics, commerce, agriculture, music and technology. Many British universities can be classified as collegiate universities. There university functions are divided between the central administration of the university and a number of constituent colleges. Colleges do not have degree-awarding power. Degrees are always awarded by universities, colleges are institutions or organizations which prepare students for the degree. In some cases, colleges prepare students for the degree of a university of which the college is a part and in some cases colleges are independent institutions which prepare students to sit as external candidates at other universities. There are many types of colleges within universities. There are teachers' training colleges. There are also technical colleges of various types, colleges of Arts and commerce. Part II After taking examinations a university graduate is awarded the degree of Bachelor of Arts, Science, Engineering, Medicine, etc. There are various postgraduate degrees, including Master of Philosophy and Doctor of Philosophy, the last two being awarded for research in Arts or Sciences. Each faculty or college is headed by one or more professors, who are helped by a staff of teachers called lecturers. Professors & lecturers spend some of their time giving lectures to large numbers of students or training much smaller groups, and there the students have a chance to debate and discuss. All universities admit men and women, but within some universities there are some male and female colleges. The proportion of men is rather more than 75 per cent. Most of the universities provide hostels for their students. Universities admit students mainly on the basis of their "A" level results, although they may interview them as well. At present, students who have been admitted by universities or other institutions of higher education receive a grant from their local authority, which covers the cost of the course, and may cover living expenses, books and travel, although parents with higher incomes are expected to make a contribution. Until 1990 the grant did not have to be paid back, but now a system of loans has been introduced. Vocabulary notes. fairly – äîâîëüíî department – êàôåäðà theology – áîãîñëîâèå to award – ïðèñóæäàòü, ïðèñâàèâàòü degree – ñòåïåíü Bachelor – áàêàëàâð Postgraduate –îòíîñÿùèéñÿ ê àñïèðàíòóðå postgraduate course – àñïèðàíòóðà Master – ìàãèñòð Research – èññëåäîâàíèå to head – âîçãëàâëÿòü staff – êîëëåêòèâ to admit (to) – ïðèíèìàòü to provide – ïðåäîñòàâëÿòü hostel – îáùåæèòèå to accept – ïðèíèìàòü curriculum – êóðñ îáó÷åíèÿ to correspond (with, to) – ñîîòâåòñòâîâàòü.
Task 2.4. Read the text and find the answers to these questions: 1) Which is the biggest modern English university? 2) What is a college? 3) What degrees do university graduates get? 4) What is the admission to universities based on?
Date: 2016-04-22; view: 2416 |