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Metabolism of Lipids1. An experimental animal has been given excessive amount of carbon labeled glucose for a week. In what compound can the label be found? A. Phenylalanine B. Methionine C. *Palmitic acid D. Vitamin A E. Arachidonic acid 2. After intake of food rich in fats a patient feels nausea and sluggishness; with time there appeared signs of steatorrhea. Blood cholesterol concentration is 9,2 micromole/L. This condition was caused in the intestine by lack of: A. Phospholipids B. Chylomicrons C. Fatty acids D. *Bile acids E. Amino acids 3. A patient has disturbed absorption of fat digestion products. It might have been caused by a deficit of those components in the small intestine cavity: A. *Bile acids B. Bile pigments C. Lipolytic enzymes D. Sodium ions E. Lipid soluble vitamins 4. Examination of cell culture got from a patient with lysosomal pathology revealed accumulation of great quantity of lipids in the lysosomes. What of the following diseases is this disturbance typical for? A. Gout B. Phenylketonuria C. Wilson disease D. *Tay-Sachs disease E. Galactosemia 5. A 1 y.o. child with symptoms of muscle affection was admitted to the hospital. Examination revealed carnitine deficiency in muscles. Biochemical base of this pathology is disturbed process of: A. Regulation of Ca2+ level in mitochondria B. *Transporting of fatty acids to the matrix of mitochondria C. Actin and myosin synthesis D. Lactic acid utilization E. Substrate phosphorylation 6. A sportsman was recommended to take a medication that contains carnitine in order to improve his results. What process is activated by carnitine the most by this compound? A. Synthesis of steroid hormones B. *Fatty acids transport to mitochondrions C. Tissue respiration D. Synthesis of ketone bodies E. Synthesis of proteins 7. The patient with diabetes mellitus has been delivered in hospital in the state of unconsciousness. Arterial pressure is low. The patient has acidosis. Point substances, which accumulation in the blood results in these manifestations: A. *Ketone bodies B. Monosaccharides C. Cholesterol esters D. High fatty acids E. Amines 8. Synthesis of phospholipids is disordered under the liver fat infiltration. Indicate which of the following substances can enhance the process of methylation during phospholipids synthesis? A. Glucose B. Citrate C. *Methionine D. Glycerin E. Ascorbic acid 9. Patients who suffer from severe diabetes and don’t receive insulin have metabolic acidosis. This is caused by increased concentration of the following metabolites: A. *Ketone bodies B. Unsaturated fatty acids C. Cholesterol D. Triacylglycerols E. Fatty acids 10. A caprological survey revealed light-colored feces containing drops of neutral fat. The most likely reason for this condition of the disorder of: A. Pancreatic juice secretion B. Intestinal juice secretion C. Gastric juice acidity D. Intestinal absorption E. Bile inflow into the bowel* 11. A patient with high rate of obesity was advised to use carnitine as a additive in order to enhance “fat burning”. What is the role of carnitine in the process of fat oxidation? A. Transport of FFA (free fatty acids) from cytosol to the mitochondria* B. Activation of intracellular lipolysis C. It takes part in one of reactions of FFA beta-oxidation D. FFA activation E. Transport of FFA from fat depots to other tissues
12. A 12-year old patient was found to have blood serum cholesterol at the rate of 25 mmol/l. The boy has a history of hereditary familial hypercholesterolemia, which is caused by the impaired synthesis of the following protein receptors: Low density lipoproteins High density lipoproteins Intermediate density lipoproteins Very low density lipoproteins Chylomicrons 13. A 67-year old male patient consumes eggs, pork fat, butter, milk and meal. Blood test results: cholesterol – 12,3 mmol/l, total lipids – 8,2 g/l, increased low-density lipoprotein fraction (LDL). What type of hyperlipoproteinemia is observed in the patient?
14. One of the factors that cause obesity is the inhibition of fatty acids oxidation due to:
15. A patient underwent a course of treatment for atherosclerosis. Laboratory tests revealed an increase in the anti-atherogenic lipoprotein fraction in the blood plasma. The treatment efficacy is confirmed by the increase in:
16. Increased HDL levels decrease the risk of atherosclerosis. What is the mechanism of HDL anti‑atherogenic action? They activate the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids They are involved in the breakdown of cholesterol They promote absorption of cholesterol in the intestine They supply tissues with cholesterol *They remove cholesterol from tissues
17. A drycleaner’s worker has been found to have hepatic steatosis. This pathology may be caused by the disruption of synthesis of the following substance: *Phosphatidylcholine Cholic acid Tristearateglycerol Urea Phosphatidic acid
18. Feces of the patient contain high amount of undigested fats and have grayish-white color. Specify the cause of this phenomenon: Hypovitaminosis *Obturation of bile duct Irritation of intestinal epithelium Enteritis Hypoactivation of pepsin by hydrochloric acid
19. Obesity is common disease. The aim of this treatment is to lower content of neutral fats in the body. What hormone-sensitive enzyme is the most important for intracellular lipolysis? Triacylglycerol lipase* Diacylglycerol lipase Protein kinase Adenylate kinase Monoacylglycerol lipase
20. The emotional stress causes activation of hormone-sensitive triacylglycerol lipase in adipocytes. What secondary mediator takes part in this process? Cyclic adenosine monophosphate* Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Adenosine monophosphate Ions of calcium Diacylglycerol
21. One of the factors that cause obesity is inhibition of fatty acids oxidation due to: Low level of carnitine* Impaired phospholipid synthesis Lack of carbohydrates in the diet Choline deficiency Excessive consumption of fatty foods
Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1037
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