EXERCISE 21 a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. It's not your brother's fault you failed the math test. You shouldn't ________ it ________ ________ him.

2. Timmy left some of his toys on the floor. Be careful not to _______ _______ them.

3. There's a guy in my class who's really mean and makes jokes about me. I told the teacher that he's always ________ ________ me.

4. Someone called my name, and I ________ ________ to see who it was.

5. Jane is already thirty-four, but she's not interested in ______ _____ and having children.

6. I've ______ ______ your resume, and I think you're the right person for this job.

7. Timmy and Susie were running around the house like crazy, so I played their favorite videotape to try to ________ them ________.

8. You should ________ your backpack ________; otherwise all your books are going to fall out.

9. The two countries have a history of border clashes, but things have ________ ________ in the last few years.

10. I've never been in your house before; I'd like to ________ ________ and see how you've decorated it.

11. You don't want to arrive in Tokyo and realize you forgot something important back in Vancouver, so ________ ________.

12. We're late —________________ it!

EXERCISE 21 b — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. Dan ought to look at the car very carefully before he decides whether to buy it. What should Dan do?

2. You went to a big bookstore and walked around so that you could see what books they have. What did you do in the bookstore?

3. Our neighbors were arguing all evening, but they stopped arguing and got quieter at around 1:00 a.m. What did our neighbors do around 1:00 a.m.?

4. It's freezing outside, so you ought to close the zipper on your jacket. What should you do to your jacket?

5. In Question 4, how would you describe the jacket after it is closed?

6. At the meeting, the boss asked Betty some difficult questions, and Betty wasn't ready with the answers. What didn't Betty do?

7. Frank unfairly criticizes his son. What does Frank do to his son?

8. Mark had a bad day at work, and when he came home he yelled at his wife. What did Mark do to his wife?

9. When Mike was dancing with Heather, he put his foot on her foot. What did Mike do to Heather's foot?

EXERCISE 21 c, Review — Rewrite the underlined words in the sentences using these phrasal verbs from previous sections and should or ought to. Remember that ought to is not usually used in negative sentences.

Example: If they go to that restaurant, they will veryprobablyexpecttopay $200.

If they go to that restaurant, they should figure on paying $200.

or

If they go to that restaurant, they ought to figure on paying $200.

1. Business in this restaurant will very probably decrease in January.

2. They are veryprobably finishing the investigation.

3. These cheap shoes will very probably not stayingood condition more than three months.

4. Jim flies from Florida to Boston every year in April, and it's April now. Jim willveryprobablytravel to Boston soon.

5. It almost always gets cooler in October, and it's October 1st today, so it will very probably get cooler soon.

6. Paul's disease is not serious, so he will very probably be well again.

7. Francisco almost never works past 5:00, and it's 4:50 now. He will very probably stop working in a few minutes.

8. Lydia likes skiing a lot, so if you suggest that we go skiing next weekend, she will very probablylike the idea.

9. The enemy soldiers have been trying to smash a hole in the wall of the fort for two hours, and they will very probably smashahole in the wall soon.

10. Sally said she would come to my house at 5:30 and it's 5:40 now. She will very probably come to my house soon.

11. This work normally takes four hours to finish, so if you start at 9:00 you will very probably finish around 1:00.

12. The train almost always passes through town at 3:25, and it's 3:20 now, so the train will very probably pass through town in five minutes.

13. I put a lot of wood on the fire, so it very probably will not stop burning before morning.

14. The car heater is on maximum, so it will very probably get warm soon.

EXERCISE 21 d, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from previous sections. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense. To check their meanings, review the section number given after each one.

1. After Mark's father died, Tom ________ ________ the office collecting money to buy some flowers for the funeral.

2. Who said you could use my camera? ________ it ________ right now!

3. The smoke alarm in our kitchen ________ ________ every time I fry chicken.

4. We've been driving for five hours straight. Let's ________ ________ and rest for a few minutes.

5. Our travel agent is trying to ________ ________ a hot air balloon to take us to the top of Mt. Everest.

6. Last night I ________ ________ late watching Casablanca on TV.

7. My old bicycle is in very bad condition. I ought to buy a new one before it completely

8. I'm mad at Sarah for telling my husband what happened at the office party. I'll ________ ________ ________ her someday.

9. I ________ ________ thinking it wouldn't cost more than $300 to fix my car, but I've already spent more than $700.

10. Jimmy didn't used to get in trouble until he started to _______ ________ with Jake.

11. If you don't quit smoking and lose some weight, you're going to ________ ________ dying before you're fifty.

12. Visiting my old high school last week______________a lot of great memories.

13. Are you going to do anything today or just ________ ________ watching TV?

14. I'm sorry I interrupted your story. Please ________ ________.

15. The cashier ________ ________ my stuff and said, "That comes to $47.21."

16. Alfonso left his credit card at the restaurant, so he had to ______ ______ to get it.

22. FOCUS ON: the particle up and the adverbs right and all

The particle up is used in many phrasal verbs, and one of its uses is to say that something has been done thoroughly or completely:

The buildingburned. (The building was damaged but not destroyed.)

The buildingburned up. (The building was completely destroyed.)

Right, discussed in Section 19, is often used in phrasal verbs with up to indicate that the action of the verb not only happened thoroughly and completely but also quickly:

Theyate itup. (They ate all the food.)

Theyate it rightup. (They ate all the food, and they ate it quickly.)

Remember that right can be used in this way only after an object that is separat­ing the verb and particle:

Theyate the pizza rightup.

Theyate rightup the pizza.

Even though up indicates that the action of the verb is thorough and complete, all is sometimes used for further emphasis with participle adjectives derived from phrasal verbs with up:

My taxes are allpaid up.

The drain is allplugged up.

1. burn up p.v. When something is completely destroyed by heat or fire, itburns up.

The meteorburned up in the atmosphere.

The rocket's fuel willburn up after only forty seconds.

2. burn... up p.v. When people or things destroy something with heat or fire, they burn itup.

There's no more coal. Weburned it allup.

Jet enginesburn up fuel at a tremendous rate.

burned up part.adj. After something is completely destroyed by heat or fire, it is burned up.

There isn't anymore firewood; it's allburned up.

The house is allburned up. There's no way it can be saved.

3. burned ... up p.v. [informal] When something makes you very angry, itburnsyouup.

It reallyburns meup when other people take credit for my work.

I have to say something to Sally about what she did. It'sburning meup.

burned up part.adj. [informal] When you are very angry, you areburned up.

Jim wasburned up when his boss criticized him during the meeting.

Relax — it's nothing to get allburned up about.

Clear up

clear up & clears up clearing up cleared up cleared up

1. clear up p.v. When a problem, misunderstanding, or disease goes away, itclears up.

The misunderstandingcleared up right away after we talked about it.

My rash isclearing up by itself. I don't need to go to the doctor.

cleared up part.adj. After a problem, misunderstanding, or disease goes away, it iscleared up.

/ feel great. My sinus infection is allcleared up.

Everything's okay. It was a big misunderstanding, but it'scleared up now.

2. clear... up p.v. When you do something to solve a problem or misunderstanding or do something to cure a disease, youclear itup.

Everyone was confused about the new policy, so a memo was issued thatclearedeverythingup.

The medicine Dr. Smith gave mecleared the infectionup.

3. clear up p.v. When clouds in the sky go away, the weatherclears up.

Unless itclears up, we'll have to cancel the picnic.

It was a beautiful day after the skycleared up.

1. count... up p.v. When you count all of something to see how many of them there are, youcount themup.

Count the moneyup and tell me what the total is.

Counting up the yes and no votes is going to take a long time.

Eat up

eat up & eats up eating up ate up eaten up

1. eat... up p.v. When youeat foodup, you eat all of it.

There's no more pizza; Davidate it allup.Don'teat up the cake before your father gets a piece.

2. eat... up p.v. When somethingeats up something else, such as money or time, it uses all of it.

I'm broke. Fixing my car last weekate up my entire paycheck.

I don't want to go shopping with you. It'lleat up the whole day.

Heat up

heat up & heats up heating up heated up heated up

1. heat ...up p.v. When something or someone makes something hotter, they heat it up.

Waiter, this soup is cold. Would youheat itup for me?

Sometimes the sunheats up the desert to 120 degrees.

heated up part.adj. After something or someone makes something hotter, it isheat­ed up.

Don't give the baby that cold bottle; give her thisheated up one.

The spaghetti has been in the microwave for five minutes, so I'm sure it'sheated upby now.

Pay up

pay up & pays up paying up paid up paid up

1. pay up p.v. When youpay up, you pay all the money you owe to a person, bank, and so on, usually as a result of pressure to pay the money.

A guy from the collection agency called and told me I'd betterpay up.

I wasn't surprised when the insurance company refused topay up.

paid up part.adj. After you arepaid up, you have paid all the money you owe to a person, bank, and so on.

/ told the bill collector that he had made a mistake. I'm altpaid up.

Betty's VISA card ispaid up, so there won't be any finance charge next month.

Plug up

plug up & plugs up plugging up plugged up plugged up

1. plug... up p.v. When people or things block a narrow passage, such as a pipe, drain, or hole, so that nothing can flow through it, theyplug itup.

Don't pour bacon grease in the sink; it'll plug up the drain.

I need toplug up the hole in the roof where the rain is leaking in.

plugged up part.adj. When a narrow passage, such as a pipe, drain, or hole, is completely blocked so that nothing can flow through it, it isplugged up.

Call the plumber; the sink'splugged up.

My nose is allplugged up, and I can't smell anything.

Wipe up

wipe up & wipes up wiping up wiped up wiped up

1. wipe ... up p.v. When you completely remove a liquid from a surface by moving a towel or sponge across it with a sweeping motion, youwipe the liquidup. (Wipe upis similar towipe off; however, youwipe up a liquid, but youwipe off the surface the liquid is on.)

Susie spilled her milk, and her mother told her towipe it allup.

You'd betterwipe up the water on the bathroom floor before someone falls.

Date: 2016-04-22; view: 742