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Noun Suffixes of Greek Origin

 

  Suffix   Productive (P) or non- productive (N/P)   Source   Meaning or function   Examples
  I   II
-asm N/P Gr. -asm Forms abstract nouns   enthusiasm
-ast N/P Gr. -aster Forms agent nouns denoting“one who   gymnast, enthusiast

 


 

      does or makes the practice of”    
-ic, -ics N/P Gr. -ik, -os; L.-ic, -us; F. -ique Forms adjectives with the senses: 1) “of the nature of”   cynic, sceptic, cleric
2) “art or science” phonetics, mathematics, physics logic, music
-ine N/P Gk. -ine; F. -ine Forms feminine names heroine  
-ism P Gk. -ismos, L. -ismus Forms nouns of action naming the process, the completed action or its result; forms the name of a system or theory or practice, etc. socialism, atheism     Marxism  
-ist P Gk. -istes, -ite; L. -ista Forms nouns denoting a person who practices some method or art, or advocates a given doctrine, system, cause dramatist, communist, socialist artist
-oid P Gk. -o, -eides Means “like”, “in the form of” anthropoid  
-y N/P Gk. -ia Forms abstract nouns academy  
-ia N/P L. -ia Forms nouns, chiefly Modern Latin terms of pathology and botany hydrophobia, azalia  

 

 


Adjective Suffixes of Germanic Origin

 

  Suffix   Productive (P) or non- productive (N/P)   Source   Meaning or function   Examples
  I   II
-fold N/P OE -feald Denotes multiplication, doubling, tripling twofold, threefold, fourfold, manifold  
-ful P OE -ful Denotes “full of”, “abounding in” thankful, hopeful, powerful  
-less P OE -leas Denotes “without”, “not having”, “free from” thankless, hopeless, powerless  
-ish P Germanic -isc Means: 1) “similar to”; grayish, reddish, whitish  
2) adds a depreciatory colouring childish, girlish  
-like P OE -lie Means “like that‟, “having the characteristic of” businesslike, warlike, lifelike  
-ly P Germanic -lic Means: 1) “characteristic of”;     womanly, manly  
      2) “rather”; cleanly, poorly, weakly  
3) “every‟ weekly, daily, monthly  
-some P OE -sum Means “similar to” troublesome, tiresome handsome
-ward P OE -weard Denotes direction or course downward, wayward, sideward  

 



 


 

-y N/P OE -ig Means “characterized by”, “full of” mighty, crafty, angry  

 

Adjective Suffixes of Romanic Origin

 

  Suffix   Productive (P) or non- productive (N/P)   Source   Meaning or function   Examples
  I   II
-able P F. -able; L. -abilem Forms adjectives from verbs eatable, fashionable  
-al P L. -alis; F. -al, -el Forms adjectives with the senses “of the kind”, “pertaining to” comical, dramatical, logical  
-an, -ean N/P L. -anus; F. -ain, -en Means “belonging or pertaining to” Roman, European, Pythagorean  
-ary N/P L. -aris; F. -aire   Forms adjectives with the senses “of the kind or nature of”, “pertaining to”   necessary, contrary, ordinary
-ese N/P L. -ensis; F. -eis Means “originating in” Japanese, Chinese  
-esque N/P It. -esco Denotes “in the manner or style of”, “like” picturesque arabesque, grotesque
-ic N/P L. -icus Means “belonging to”, “of the nature of” or “pertaining to” Celtic, domestic  
-ine N/P L. -inus; F. -ine   Forms adjectives with the senses “like”, “characterized by” infantine  

 

 


 

-ive N/P L. -iv, -us; F. -if Forms adjectives with the senses “having the nature, character or quality” talkative native
-ous N/P L -os, -us, -a, -um Forms adjectives with the senses “characterized by”, “of the nature of”, “full of” glorious, joyous, virtuous obvious, serious, vicious

 

Verb Suffixes

 

  Suffix   Productive (P) or non- productive (N/P)   Source   Meaning or function   Examples
  I   II
-en P OE -en Means “to make”, “to make like” brighten, blacken, lengthen, darken  
-ate N/P L. -atus Forms causative verbs agitate, graduate aggravate
-fy N/P L. -ficare; F. -fier Forms verbs with the senses „to produce”, “to make” terrify, magnify, intensify  
-ize, -ise P Gk. -iz; L. -izare Forms verbs denoting “to make”, “to conform to” organize, generalize, apologize  

 

Adverb Suffixes

 

  Suffix   Productive (P) or non- productive (N/P)   Source   Meaning or function   Examples*
  I   II
-ly N/P OE -lice Forms adverbs from adjectives badly, deadly, newly  
-ward(s) N/P OE -weard Signifies direction backward(s), homeward(s)  
-long N/P OE -long Signifies manner of action headlong, sidelong  
-wise N/P OE -wise Denotes “way”, “manner”, “respect” otherwise, clockwise  

 


 


Date: 2016-04-22; view: 1860


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Noun Suffixes of Romanic Origin | IN AMERICAN AND BRITISH ENGLISH
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