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FFacts from the pharmacology timelineKnown also as the Ebola virus disease, Ebola is a deadly, rare disease. It is caused by infection from one of four Ebola virus strains: Zaire, Sudan, Bundibugyo, or Tai Forest virus. First discovered in 1976, Ebola outbreaks have occurred sporadically in several African countries ever since. Symptoms Symptoms include severe headaches, muscle aches, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach aches, unexplained bleeding or bruising, and a fever of greater than 38.6°C or 101.5°F. Symptoms usually appear eight to ten days after exposure to the virus. How Ebola Spreads The Ebola virus is spread by direct contact with bodily fluids (feces, saliva, semen, urine, vomit) of an infected person. It can also be spread by the use of objects such as needles that have been contaminated with the virus. Ebola is not spread by water or air. Typically, it is not spread by food, although Ebola can spread as a result of handling wild animals hunted down for food. Finally, it can be spread by contact with infected bats. Countries Affected The affected countries are Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Spain, and the United States of America. The CDC, WHO, and others are working together to respond to the virus. The Emergency Operations Center has been activated by CDC to oversee activities and offer technical support. CDC has also deployed several public health experts to the affected region. It appears that the virus has not been widely spread. In Nigeria, the small number of cases has been linked to an infected man who traveled there from Liberia. On Oct. 23, Mali confirmed one case. By late October, the WHO declared that the epidemic was over in Senegal and Nigeria.
Date: 2015-01-11; view: 862
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