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Cross-cultural differences in evaluating emotions in other people.

Although the respondents in the Ekman type model studies consistently recognized emotion in others none of the studies reported perfect agreement between cross-cultural respondents. Some studies have in fact yielded reliable cross-cultural differences in the recognition rates of different emotions. Matsumoto (1989) correlated the emotion recognition data from 15 cultures with the Hofstede cultural dimensions and found that individualism correlated significantly with the intensity ratings for fear and anger. These results support the idea that individualistic cultures are more open to negative emotions and therefore better at recognizing these compared to respondents from collectivistic cultures. Cross-cultural differences were also supported by the results of the Matsumoto (1969) study comparing Japanese with American respondents. In that study the U.S. respondents were more effective in identifying negative emotions like anger, fear and disgust, but did not differ from the Japanese in identifying positive emotions like happiness. A meta-analysis also found that emotion recognition was dependent on culture with some groups recognizing happiness better compared to other ethnic respondents (Schimmack, 1996).

Since members of all cultural groups experience emotion living with ingroup members it is not surprising to find an ingroup advantage in emotion recognition. People are somewhat better at recognizing emotions in members of their own cultural group compared to the expressions that occur among members of other groups. If these results are reliable it would suggest that culturally dependent but subtle signals are associated with emotion expression leading to better ingroup identification (Elfenbein, Mandal, Ambady, Harizka, & Kumar, 2004). These differences have been described as emotion dialects found in reliable differences in emotion recognition by members of specific cultures (Elfenbein & Ambady, 2002).


Date: 2015-01-11; view: 827


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