AN INTELLIGENT MAN AND A COMPUTER

Science is important for most people living in the modern world for a number of reasons. In particular, science is important for world peace and consent, for the understanding of environment, for our world outlook. Science is also important for everyone who is effected by modern technology.

Modern computers are the best results of modern technology and science. For the last years personal computers are becoming more and more popular in our country and in our lives. There are computers in offices, schools, institutions, universities, shops, hospitals and so on. More and more people want to have a PC (personal computer) at home. Computers play a very important role in our life. No wonder! PC gives us new opportunities, opens a new wonderful world of interactivity that will change the way we learn, play and communicate with others.

With VR (virtual reality) goggles and a data glove we are able to see and more things which exist only in our computer programme. Consequently, we will be able to play tennis with Andre Agassi, go on hair-raising rides, or play in our favourite pop group.

In the future we will have access to 500 television channels and in addition to this, homes will be be connected to the local video library. We will be able to call up any movie or programme we want, when we want it. Thanks to CDIs (interactive compact disk), watching films won’t be a passive activity, because we will be able to choose alternative story lines and create our own version of any film.

Nowadays young people are able to have instant access to the best games and collections of their favourite pop group’s music. CDs contain masses of information, and we can easily call up and find any necessary information in a few seconds.

The computer can’t write projects or reports, but it can make the process a lot easier. Interactivity can put the world at our fingertips!

In order to use the computer you have to do a special computer training course. It is a very good thing that our schoolchildren study computer programming even at school. Every educated person has to know the computer and foreign languages, you are lucky to find an interesting job and you will be at the top! Computers may help improve life for many people all over the world, and find their way in the changing world.

I want to have a computer at home. Now it is impossible, because they are very expensive. But it is my dream. I hope I’ll have it in future.

Questions:

Why is science so important in the modern world?

Why do most people want to have a PC at home?

What will you be able to do with VR goggles and data gloves?

How can a PC change you life?

What does the expression ‘to have the world at our fingertips’ mean?

How can computers improve life for many people?

Do you have a computer at home?

Can you use a computer?

1. Do you use a computer?

2. Do you want to have a computer? Why?

3. What computers do you know?

AN EPISODE FROM THE HISTORY OF AVIATION

History of Aviation is a very interesting subject to discuss. I want to tell you about one of the most famous pilot-writers – Antoine de Saint Exupery. In the 20-s and 30-s every flight became a jump into the unknown, a discovery of something new in flying machines and in human beings. Exupery’s friend crashed in the Andes in 1930. And Exupery flew very low-dangerously, low among the rocks in the mountains region in search of his friend. At last he found him and rescued him. In 1935 Exupery flew from Paris to Saigon. It was his first flight there and he didn’t know the route. His plane crashed in the Libia desert. He and his air mechanic wandered in the sands without any water until they met some Arabs who saved and helped them.

Another flight – from New York to the Fire Land was also tragic – Exupery had a crash in Gwatemala. He had broken many bones and became an invalid but he still continued flying. During the war he had to be helped to the cockpit because of his broken bones and old injuries but he bravely fought against the fascists. He died as a hero. His plane crashed over the Mediterranian in 1944. He wrote many interesting books. He is no more, but his books are still alive and they tell us about the courage and heroism of the airmen.

His life, books, deeds – are the vivid example of a brave man. When I was at school I read his books with great interest. I decided to connect my future life and profession with aviation. Exupery’s books helped me in my decision.

History of aviation is connected not only with the past but with the present. Nowadays there are many highly qualified and experienced pilots, navigators who perform landings in difficult and dangerous meteorological conditions, in emergency situations. We are proud of brave and courageous airmen!

Questions:

1. Who was Antoine de Saint Exupery?

2. When and where did his friend crash?

3. What happened with Exupery and his friends in the Libia desert?

4. Did he participate in the Second World War?

5. What books of Exupery do you know?

6. What interesting facts in the history of aviation do you know?

7. Why have you decided to connect you life with aviation?

8. Where are you going to work?

UKRAINE INTERNATIONAL AIRLINES

There are 25aviation companies in Ukraine. Ukraine International Airlines (UIA) is one of the main and biggest companies. It was founded in 1993. The founders of this aviation company are: The Ukrainian Fond of State Property (68,37% of share) Ireland company GPA Group plc. (13,26% of share), ‘Austrian Airlines’ and ‘Swissair’ (18,37% of share).

Ukraine International Airlines was the first to use Boeings in Ukraine for service and offer Business and Economy class.

It is a policy of Ukraine International Airlines to continually develop alliances and partnership with other international airlines. UIA provides the customers with the highest quality service and most competitive fares between Ukraine and the rest of the world.

The strongest relationships are, of course with the partners (and shareholders), but UIA also has interline agreements with over one hundred airlines world-wide. Ukraine International Airlines has formulated a new alliance with TWA, one of the longest established and most respected U.S. airlines. TWA and UIA commenced code sharing on flights between the United States and Ukraine (via Paris Charles de Gaulle 2). These aviation companies offer a streamless service to New York or Chicago with excellent onward connections throughout the United Sta-tes. The code-share flights from United States into Ukraine are equally attractive.

UIA is proud to offer its customers more flights to more cities in Europe than any other airline. Travellers, tourists and businessmen are all eager to explore Ukraine International Airlines for its business potential and tourists possibilities.

UIA has also signed interline agreements with most of the major leading U.S., Canadian and European airlines, so that the customers can connect between Ukraine International Airlines and other airlines’ services. These agreements also mean that UIA is glad to accept other airlines’ tickets on all its flights allowing the customers greater flexibility in travel agreements.

Ukraine International Airlines is constantly upgrading its services in the air and on the ground, providing its customers with the best possible comfort and convenience. UIA together with Hertz, the famous international car-rental company, offers Business Class passengers preferential rates for cars rentals. Renting a car for three or more days allows you an extra free day or a free transfer from the centre of Kyiv to Kyiv Boryspil airport. Furthermore, all UIA Business Class passengers are entitled to an upgrade of car class. Vehicles are available at Boryspil airport.

A team of Ukrainian journalists visited Vienna in June 1999 in a venture initiated by Ukraine International and supported by the Ukrainian Embassy in Austria and Alda Travel. Thanks to joint work of UIA and its partner Austrian Airlines, Austria has the best air connections with Ukraine. At present UIA possesses 25% of the market of air transfers between Ukraine and Austria and confidently expects to increase this share to 50%.

Ukraine International Airlines will continue to promote the development of tourism by organizing press tours to other European destinations.

UIA is pleased with the quality of the recruits who help the company grow, better serve the customers and improve the overall in-flight service.

UIA has succeeded in many goals and brought all aspects of the international service of Ukraine International Airlines up to the international levels. As part of the continuing expansion of Ukraine International Airlines, several new recruits have been hired for the in-flight crew of the airline. The entire operation of the in-flight service on UIA was reviewed. Several training programmes for the in-flight crew were begun as well as important changes in the in-flight service, aimed at making each flight a more enjoyable.

Ukraine is a large and great country. It is also waiting to be explored. Ukraine International Airlines is proud to offer new flights to new cities in Ukraine and help open up the possibilities for all to come to Ukraine.

Questions:

1. How many aviation companies are there in Ukraine?

2. Is Ukraine International Airlines one of the biggest companies in Ukraine?

3. What year was it founded?

4. Do you know the founders of the company?

5. What are the main goals of UIA?

6. What can you tell about the agreements with other world airlines?

7. Is UIA constantly upgrading its services in the air and on the ground?

8. What is Ukraine International Airlines proud of?

9. Have you flown by Ukraine International Airlines?

10. Do you want to work for Ukraine International Airlines?

THE BIGGEST AVIATION COMPANY IN THE WORLD

There are many aviation companies in the world. I want to tell you about one of the biggest companies in the world - British Airways (BA).

Back in the 1980’s, Lord Colin Marshall (today Chairman of British Airways) was responsible for turning what was then a tired, demoralized and state subsidized air carrier into one of the word’s most profitable and successful airlines.

To do it required that Marshall align both people and marketing strategies behind a new vision of service excellence and customer responsiveness. It also involved transforming BA’s culture from one that was “engineering-focused” into one that was “marketing-focused”.

British Airways provides the most regular flights to any country of the world. It has a fleet of comfortable, modern aircraft. The authorities of British Airways have decided not to use Concordes any more in accordance with the Civil Aviation Recommendations because lots of crashes have been connected with this type of aircraft.

British Airways Company is planning to open two new routes to Rostov and Ekaterinburg. This decision is connected with the increas-ing growth of Russian passengers. BA will give the opportunity to fly to more than 500.000 passengers a year. Now, about 200.000 Russian passengers are flying by British Airways. The new electronic books are at passengers’ disposal on board the planes of BA. Passengers can easily get any necessary useful information.

Nowadays the negotiations are being held between the authorities of British Airways and KLM about joint flights.

According to World Traveller programme, the new passenger seats are going to be installed in the economic classes in the passenger compartments in Boeing-747 and Boeing-777.

British Airways has chosen Avia Partner Belgium as its Load Control Centre for a number of its European airports. Avia Partner Belgium will establish on-line, and from one central location, all load sheets for several airports to which British Airways operates.

A load sheet is made up to distribute the weight of passengers, luggage, freight and fuel in an optimal way to guarantee the balance and the safety of an aircraft. Since 1 July, 2000, Avia Partner’s load controllers have been making up the load sheets for 23 daily British Airways flights out of Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, in addition to the other handling activities it already provides for British Airways at Brussels airport. Avia Partner has been progressively establishing all load sheets for British Airways flights from airports such as Budapest, Gdansk, Goteborg, Riga, Oslo and Helsinki.

British Airways Company was the first company in the world to apply large, sophisticated, read-time electronic computers. It is one of the first airlines with a reservations’ system containing complete Official Airline Guide (OAG) and ABC World Airways Guide timetables. The OAG timetables contain two million direct flights and connections for over 750 scheduled airlines round the world.

Questions:

1. What aviation companies do you know?

2. Who is the chairman of British Airways?

3. What can you tell about it?

4. What planes does the Company use?

5. What about Concords?

6. Have you heard about the electronic books?

7. What country has British Airways chosen as its Load Control Centre?

8. Have you ever flown by British Airways?

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF NAVIGATION SYSTEMS

For many aviation regulations the start of the twenty-first century is a time of changes. To improve the safety standards, increasing commercialization, new technology, the implementation of new global, space-based systems are just some of them.

The steady growth of air traffic world-wide has created an urgent need to increase airspace capacity in and around airports and to create higher throughput of air traffic.

To identify specific problem in the air navigation field and propose, in appropriate form, action aimed at solving these problems, a special Planning Group was set up by the Council of ICAO.

Probably the most significant development in air control over the next 20 years will be the introduction of precise navigation and position reporting through Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Future Air Navigation Systems (FANS) cover three principle areas: voice and datalinks, global navigation and automatic dependent surveillance.

British Airways is one airline currently undertaking trials of satellite based air traffic control using one of its fleet of Boeing 747 - 400 aircraft. In 1993 a flight from Osaka in Japan to Heathrow used the system to test communications, navigation and aircraft surveillance ready to use on the North Atlantic routes. Ground stations were able to frigger position reports and other information from the onboard computers via a land based satellite and then to the ADS unit on the flightdeck. Within a matter of seconds the aircraft position was relayed back to ATC together with information as the flight passed over particular waypoints on the journey. The systems will be used to report position instead of the current method which relies on HF radio.

During a period of 5,5 hours of the flight, more than 1700 reports were received.

Schmid Telecommunication connects air traffic controllers with pilots and other ATC centres with revolutionary standard of quality. Rapidly, simply and as reliably as a Swiss watch.

The user interface, for example, is based on a touchscreen, which not only makes life a lot easier for users but also cuts work and expense to a minimum when systems are adapted to future development.

Ceotronics introduces the first wireless digital headset for push-back operations. For the first time pilot and ground handler can simultaneously speak with each other and listen at the same time, providing full duplex communication. This means better and more effective com-munications, and at the same time, significant savings in time and much greater security. There is a complete freedom of movement around the aircraft and there is no danger of cable getting caught in the wheels of the aircraft. Also, the risk of a lightning strike is impossible. An additional headset is easily adder for training purposes or for drivers of pushback trucks.

Over 30 years of advanced technologies, provided by Alenia Difesa to world-wide airspace users, give birth to a new range of Air Traffic Management Systems. Leading the evolutionary trends of Air Traffic Control requirements, the Radar Division of Alenia Difesa offers Primary Radars equipped with Planar Array antenna, Mode-s Monopulse SSR and Fault Tolerant Processor for real time applications Specially developed application software and work stations combine to optimize a controller’s workload and productivity, and provide communications for the exchange and integration of operational data. Air Traffic controllers at control centres in more than 60 countries share with the Company advanced technologies, and the commitment to safety for those who fly.

Questions:

1. Why is the start of twenty-first century a time of changes?

2. What was a special Planning Group set up for?

3. What can you say about British Airways Company?

4. What do you know about a flight from Osaka in Japan to Heathrow in 1993?

5. Have you heard about Schmid Telecommunication?

6. What do you know about Alenia System?

7. What have you read about future development of navigation systems?

BANGKOK INTERNARIONAL AIRPORT

There are many big, busy, international airports in the world. I want to tell about Bangkok International Airport (BIA).

BIA serves the most air traffic in Thailand with 80 airlines, more than 25 million passengers and 700.000 tonnes of cargo handled at the airport per year.

There is a large general aviation fleet operating at the airport and together with the scheduled activity, make up a total of 160.000 aircraft movements per year.

This two-runway, 24-hour airport has a capacity of 60 flights an hour. Bangkok has 95 parking stands for aircraft, of which 33 parking stands with contact gates are divided into 25 stands at the international terminal and eight at the domestic terminal. There are a further 62 remote parking bays.

Inside the airport there are 276 checking counters – 124 check-in counters at international passenger terminal 1; 96 check-in counters at international passenger terminal 2; and 56 check-in counters at the domestic passenger terminal.

Like Korea, Thailand will soon have a brand new airport to serve its capital city and surrounding area. The New Bangkok International Airport Co. LTD (NBIA) is a state-enterprise under the Ministry of Transport and Communications. Established on February 27, 1996, the company was formed to build the Second Bangkok International Airport (Nong Ngu Hao Airport) on 20.000 Rai (3.2000 hectares) of land in the Samut Prakan province. However, the airport has been much delayed and the suggestion now is that it is unlikely to open for business before 2004.

Currently there are 2 main ground handlers at Bangkok - Thai Airways International (TG) and Thai Airport Ground Services (TAGS). According to airport officials: ‘Bangkok needs ground handling specialists to provide a good service to our customers, and we need the world of competition to achieve those high standards of service’.

When looking at its ground handling service, Vice President of Thai Airways says that airline’s focus is threefold: to upgrade the handling service in terms of safety and security; to standardize and internationalize Thai’s ground services training; and to continue a system of customer feedback and performance evaluation so as to continually optimize the airline’s ground handling service. Thai’s current market share on the ground at Bangkok is 75%, which includes 57 scheduled airlines.

Two runways with parallel full length taxiways, provide operational flexibility and convenience while meeting the needs of all current aircraft types.

Bangkok International Airport has a lot of key targets for the future. One of them is to extend the network to some other major airports and to co-operate with other aviation companies.

Questions:

1. What big airports do you know?

2. Have you ever been to any big airport?

3. What do you want to tell about the Bangkok International Airport?

4. How many runways are there at Bangkok airport?

5. What have you heard about the building of the Second Bangkok International Airport?

6. What are the main ground handlers at Bangkok?

7. What are the problems of Bangkok International Airport?

8. Do you want to work there?

Date: 2016-03-03; view: 810