API for .NET Framework

API for .NET Framework, 583 APIs, WinRT, calling, 650

AppDomain type, instance methods, 595 AppDomainManager class, 576

AppDomainMonitorDelta class, 573

AppDomains, 17

aborting threads, 578

accessing objects across boundaries, 559 application output, 562

ASP.NET applications and, 575 assemblies in, 557

assemblies in, discovering, 602 assemblies using multiple, 558 callback methods, 573

confirming thread transitions between, 565 CreateDomain method overloads, 563 creating, 563

default, 556

definition of, 556

demonstrations of, 563 executable applications and, 574 features of, 556

first-chance exception notifications, 573 foreground/background threads and, 688 friendly names, 563

garbage collection, 571

garbage collection handle tables, 545 graceful aborts, 577

instance fields and, 566, 567

isolation provided by, 557, 558, 564, 566 loading assemblies for specific, 585 loading assemblies into, 564

loading assemblies into multiple times, 586 managed code and, 576

marshaling objects by value, 568 marshaling objects by references, 564 memory usage, monitoring, 524 method calls across boundaries, 566

Microsoft Silverlight applications and, 574 monitoring, 571

passing objects across boundaries, 569 permission set inheritance, 563

proxy types, defining, 564

purpose of, 553

read-only properties in, 572 robust host applications, 577

singleton types and, 634 SQL Server and, 575 static members and, 567

thread pools. See thread pools threads and, 562

unloading, 477, 494, 566, 570

unloading, as garbage collection trigger, 519 XML web services applications and, 575

AppDomainSetup object, 563

Append method, 338

AppendChar method, 358

AppendFormat method, 338, 345, 346, 347

AppendLine method, 338

application developers, exception handling guidelines, 478, 485

application models, threading models for, 748 application state, serialization/deserialization

of, 616

application types, 36

ApplicationException type, 466 applications

add-in support, 596

administrative control, 62

AppDomains and, 574 architecting for events, 250 compiling, 35

configuration files, 62

configuring for assembly download, 45

dynamically extensible, 583, 588

installation complexity, 34

optimizing, 19

single instance, 781

ApplyPolicy method, 587

.appx files, 60

architecting applications for events, 250 ArgumentNullException exception, 647 arguments

commas in, 212

order of evaluation, 210, 211 passing variable number of, 220

arity, 273

overloading based on, 286 Array class, 373

array covariance, 379

array initializers, 376

Array type, 380

Assemblies

ArrayEnumerator objects, 278 arrays, 373. See also vectors

accessing, 386

accessing elements of, 383 accessing with unsafe code, 386 allocating, 373, 374

allocating on thread stack, 388 casting, 378

casting between types, 379 collection implementation, 381 compiler inferences of, 376 converting, 378

copying, 378, 382

copying elements, 380

covariance, 379

creating, 596

of Decimal values, 383 derivation of, 373, 380

dynamically creating, 383 embedding in structures, 390 implicitly typed, 239, 376, 377

indexes into, 375

initializing elements, 376

inline, 390

internals, 384

jagged, 375

in managed heap, 374 multi-dimensional, 385, 386

non-zero lower bounds, 383 overhead information, 374 passing and returning, 382 of polygons, 375

of reference types, 373 referencing, 376

single-dimensional, 375 static methods for, 380 of tasks, 710

type names, 385

types of, 384

unsafe access, 388

WinRT, 648, 660

zero-based, 374

zero-length, 382

as operator, 96

AsBuffer method, 658

ASCII encoding, 351

ASCIIEncoding object, 353

AsOrdered method, 718 ASP.NET

asynchronous objects, 751

threading model, 748 ASP.NET applications

AppDomains and, 575 processes run by, 687

assemblies

32-bit and 64-bit, 8 administrative control, 62 Assembly Linker and, 52 benefits of, 7

characteristics of, 45 combining modules into, 45 compressing, 74

configuration files, 84 configuring download of, 45

creating from managed modules, 7 culture, 59

data files in, 46 default path to, 38 defined, 6, 45

delayed signing, 76 deploying and packaging, 60 different types in, 46 directories for, 63 discovering types in, 590 double copies of, 75 downloading from web, 586 executing code, 11

files required for, 50

friend, 154

global assembly cache, 72 globally deployed, 67

loading into AppDomains, 564 locating, 63, 83

manifest tables, 47

multifile, 46, 48

namespaces and, 101

platform, specifying, 8 preventing execution of, 587 private deployment of, 67 privately deployed, 61 publisher policy controls, 86 referencing, 37, 51, 70, 74, 98

Assembly Linker

assemblies (continued)

registering, 74

resource files, adding, 53

satellite, 59

self-describing nature of, 7 serialization and, 616

signing files, 70

statistics, viewing, 44

strongly named, 66, 67, 68, 72 uninstalling from GAC, 73 unloading, 587

used by multiple AppDomains, 558

verification, 76

verification, skipping, 77

version numbers, 58

version resource attributes, 56 version resources in, 54 versioning issues, 597

versioning policies, 587 Visual Studio IDE and, 51 weakly named, 66, 68

Win32 resources, embedding, 54 Windows installer and, 73

Assembly Linker, 52, 53

assembly loading, 584

callback methods, 587, 588 embedding dependent DLLs, 588 Load method, 585

for metadata analysis, 586

multiple times into AppDomain, 586

for specific AppDomain, 585 for specific architecture, 585 with specific path name, 586

AssemblyDef table, 47

AssemblyRef table, 39

AssemblyResolve event, 588

assembly type, 25, 592

AsSequential method, 718

Assert method, 502, 503

associating data, 550

AsStream method, 658

buffering, 656

Assume method, 502, 503

AsTask method, 653, 654

async, 651

AsyncCoordinator class, 770, 771

asynchronous compute-bound operations, 693. See compute-bound asynchronous operations

calling, 693

initiating, 700

Windows scheduler and, 694 asynchronous exceptions, 495

asynchronous flag, 729

asynchronous functions, 732 await operator and, 746 awaiters and, 738

compiler warnings, turning off, 746 debugging, 745

event handlers and, 741 examples of, 735

exception handling and, 744 extensibility of, 738

in Framework Class Library, 742 identifying, 733

initiating from non-caller thread, 745 restrictions on, 734

as state machines, 734 stepping into and out of, 745 Task object and, 733

thread synchronization and, 757 unhandled exceptions and, 745 WebClient and, 744

asynchronous I/O operations, 729 asynchronous functions and, 732 canceling, 751

concurrent function of, 746 debuggers and, 731

event handlers and, 742 FileStream objects and, 753 garbage collection and, 731 GUI responsiveness and, 732

ignoring SynchronizationContext object, 750 incomplete, showing, 738

performance benefits, 731

Task type for, 738 thread priorities, 754

asynchronous lambda expressions, 746 asynchronous operations, 650, 691 asynchronous server implementation, 751 asynchronous thread synchronization, 814 asynchonous WinRT APIs, 649

C# compiler

AsyncOneManyLock class, 816

Attribute class, 424

attributes. See also custom attributes setting, 368

AttributeUsage attribute, 428 automatically implemented properties, 231 auto-reset events, 782, 784

AutoResetEvent method, 786

await, 651

await operator, 652

awaiters, 738, 740

B

background threads vs. foreground, 688

backing fields, 230

Backus-Naur Form grammar for type names, 592

Barrier class, 805

base-64 encoding and decoding, 356 Base class, 296, 312

in WinRT, 645

base types, vs. interfaces, 312 BeginBackgroundProcessing method, 755

BeginWaitForConnection method, 743

BinaryFormatter object, 614

binary namespace, 614

binary operators, 192 nullable types and, 444

BinaryReader type, 350

BinaryWriter type, 350 binding

early vs. late, 589 handles for, 608

BindToName method, 641

BindToType method, 641

Bing maps, 659

bit flags, 367

converting numeric values into, 370 enumerated types for, 368

numeric equivalents, 369

setting, 368

bitmaps, garbage collection of, 538 BlockCopy method, 380

blocking collections, 820

blocking threads avoiding, 705, 805

countdown for, 804

reasons for, 806

BlockingCollection class, 820 blocks

catch, 455, 457, 480, 482

finally, 455, 456, 478, 497, 535

try, 454, 497

bool type, 112

boxing, nullable types, 447 boxing value methods, 135 boxing value types, 124

changing fields, 136

efficiency of, 130

example code, 128

Break method (Parallel class), 716 breakpoints, AIPs and, 232 buffering

AsStream methods and, 656 WinRT, 658

buffering LINQ query results, 720 byte array method, garbage collection

and, 548

byte arrays, 656

byte order mark (BOM), 353 byte type, 112

C

C#

asynchronous functions, 732

is operator, 95

optimizing code, 14 question marks in, 443 using directive, 98

WinRT component definitions in, 658

C# compiler

event implementation, 256 language translation done by, 763 output of, 9

platform command-line switch, 8, 10 primitive types and, 114

referencing types, 35

response files, 36

unsafe code, 17

C++ compiler, managed/unmanaged code and

C++ compiler, managed/unmanaged code and, 6

caching threads, 673

weak references and, 550

callback functions, 391. See also delegates unmanaged, 391

uses for, 391

callback methods, 249. See also lambda method

for AppDomains, 573

assembly loading and, 587, 588

calling, 393

disposing of, 699 exceptions thrown by, 698 invoking, 399

lambda expressions, 410 referencing local parameters, 413 registering after cancellation, 698 returning values with, 408

syntax for, 409

calling back static methods, 394 calling methods, 163

across AppDomain boundaries, 566 calling type constructors, 188

callvirt instruction, 163

CAN-DO relationships, 312

Cancel method, 760

canceling operations, 696 after set time, 700 cooperatively, 696

invoking methods after, 698 preventing, 698

canceling tasks, 704 canceling WinRT APIs, 653 CancellationToken objects

associating with tasks, 705 passing as closure variables, 705

CancellationTokenSource objects, 696

creating, 699

CancellationTokenSource type, 704 CancellationToken value type, 697 CannotUnloadAppDomainException

exception, 571

carriage returns, 322

casting arrays, 378

casting, Char type to numeric value, 319 casting types

between objects, 93

dynamic, 145

implicit vs. explicit, 114 with is/as operators, 95 primitive, 114

catch blocks, 455, 457, 482. See also finally

blocks; try blocks

constrained execution regions and, 475 exceptions thrown by, 457

overuse of, 480

redundant, warning for, 459 stack trace, obtaining, 461

catch types, 455

variable names after, 456

CCCheck.exe (Code Contract Checker), 503 CCDocGen.exe (Code Contract Document

Generator), 504

CCRefGen.exe (Code Contract Reference Assembly Generator), 504

CCWs (COM Callable Wrappers), 644

CERs. See constrained execution regions (CERs chaining delegates, 400, 404

C# support for, 404 ChainSelector method, 639

char type, 112, 317

casting to numeric value, 319 converting numeric types to, 319 instance methods, 318

static methods, 318

character arrays, 337

methods for, 338

characters, 317. See also text elements converting to bytes, 353

examining in strings, 333 expanding, 327

lowercase/uppercase, changing, 318 numeric equivalent, returning, 318

checked operators, 116

child tasks, 707

circuit boards, 727

class constraint, 287

class constructors. See type constructors class inheritance. See inheritance

class libraries, thread synchronization and, 759

Date: 2016-03-03; view: 604