Make up sentences, adding words where necessary.1. reflection/ accurate/ is/ at present/ the most/ seismology/ method.
2. applied/ to/ uncertainties/ 3D-seimic/ technology/ is reduce.
3. includes/ and/ waves/ full-vector wave-field imaging/ shear/ compressional.
4. economically/ gas/ plague/ chimneys/ areas/ important.
5. used/ exploration/ reflection seismology/ for/ extensively/ is/ hydrocarbons/in.
Fill in the gaps with words which are derived from the word given at the end of each line.
| 1. The technology of exploration activities has improved exponentially because of
. in data processing and interpretation
|
ADVANCE
| | 2.
.. in geophysical measurements can cost a lot of money.
| CERTAIN
| | 3. Numerous factors such as subsurface geology, terrain, security issues determine parameters for data
.
|
ACQUIRE
| | 4. As S-waves can travel only through a solid, they are
.. to the type of a fluid in the rock.
|
SENSITIVE
| | 5.
.. Vice President refers to a rank in senior management and usually reports directly to the President of the company and could be more than one in different areas (Upstream, Downstream, Oilfield services)
| EXECUTE
| | 6. It is difficult to overestimate
. of 3D seismic technology for hydrocarbon exploration, development and production operations.
| CAPABLE
| | 7. Primary waves are
. waves that travel quicker in dense rock and slower in fluids.
| COPMRESS
| | 8. Gold and uranium as well as other ores are
.. mineral resources.
| VALUE
| | 9. Upstream provides a
.. supply of petroleum for consumers downstream
| CONTINUE
| | 10. If the economic penalties of
. in depth investigations are substantial, it may be cheaper to perform exploratory drilling.
| ACCURACY
|
State whether the following sentences are True or False; correct the false ones.
1. Ground-penetrating radar is widely used to reduce uncertainties across the full range of exploration and production operations.
2. Gas chimneys are extremely useful for economically important areas.
3. Reflection seismology is applied in deep groundwater surveying.
4. The least accurate method of determining depths formation is reflection method.
5. Surveys are used to execute oil-recovery strategies and monitor fluid movement in reservoirs.
6. Geophysicists combine refraction and reflection methods to discriminate among sands and shales.
7. GPR is widely used for mapping shallow subsurface.
You will hear the report on seismic waves. Match the terms with their descriptions. One of them is extra.
| 1. Body waves
| awaves that travel in a circular motion and cause damage by displacing material
| | 2. Secondary waves
| b waves propagating along the surface and deforming the material vertically
| | 3. Primary wave shadow zone
| c waves that travel through the interior of the earth
| | 4. Secondary wave shadow zone
| d waves that are deflected by the Earths core forming a special area
| | 5. Love waves
| e waves that travel only through solids thus they do not penetrate the Earths outer core forming a special zone
| | 6. Rayleigh waves
| f waves that move sideways at right angles to the direction of travel
| | | g waves that do not penetrate the earths interior but follow the surface
|
Date: 2016-01-14; view: 880
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