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I. Read the article and give Russian equivalents for the words and phrases in bold.

1. During the 50th Anniversary of the World Customs Organization, in 2002, the leaders of national Customs administrations reflected on the main issues impacting on the effective and efficient functioning of Customs in the future. In the first years of the 21st Century, Customs has been faced with considerable and at times contradictory demands arising from the globalization of trade. On the one hand, there is a need for effective security and control of international supply chains while on the other hand, there are increasing demands for greater facilitation of legitimate trade.

2. The leaders of the world’s Customs administrations recognize their responsibilities to develop a new strategic perspective and policies that will shape the role of Customs in the 21st Century. A blueprint for the management of trade and borders and the role of Customs should embody ambitious aspirations and yet be balanced by pragmatism. The challenges are many: the globalization of business and trade; development and poverty reduction; complex new governance rules; international terrorism; environmental protection; and the increase in trans-national threats. Equally, the opportunities for bold, proactive and innovative responses are just as numerous: a global Customs network; better management of borders; a strategic framework with globally beneficial objectives; a deepening Customs understanding of supply chains and their management; leveraging new technology; and the strengthening of Customs partnerships not only with trade but also with other border, law enforcement and other relevant government agencies.

3. Taking advantage of these opportunities will enable Customs to protect the fiscal and financial interests of the state, to protect national economies from illicit movement of goods, to support the international trading system by creating level playing fields for business, to enhance national competitiveness, to facilitate legitimate trade, and to protect society.

4. The benefits of an adaptable, strategically focused Customs administration are immense and include reduced compliance costs for legitimate traders, more effective and efficient targeting of high-risk movements, and greater confidence and mutual recognition among Customs administrations of each other’s programmes and controls.

FAST-CHANGING LANDSCAPE

5. International trade is a key driver for economic growth and development. It raises living standards in both developed and developing countries, contributes to the reduction of poverty as well as creates a more stable, secure and peaceful world. International trade is governed by the rules of the regional and multilateral trading systems, preferential trade arrangements and national governments. New developments are driven by a combination of factors including fast-evolving information and communications technology (ICT), advances in transportation methods and trade liberalization.


Date: 2016-01-14; view: 726


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