State meanings of the given polysemantic adjectives on the bases of their lexical valency, i.e. with the help of nouns they are combined with.

WORD-GROUPS

EXERCISES

1. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the italicized words. Pay special attention to the restrictions of their collocability. What conditions these restrictions?

a) to cure / to treat / to heal

1. Are you sure that a surgery will……her? 2) His wound is…..nicely. 3) Tom is being……with quite a new drug. 4) I think your dog is simply too old; it can’t be…. . 5) Do you like the doctor who is….. you? 6) It’s only a scratch. It will……by tomorrow. 7) No doctor managed to…….her of her headache. 8) The doctor is sure of…….. her disease successfully. 9) This balm will….. her burns in no time. 10) Nowadays, the medicine can already……some types of cancer.

b) to open / to reveal / to discover

1. Fred is not the sort of person who……his mind to everybody. 2) Has Mary…….who sent her the flowers? 3) The letter……the truth to Nelly about her husband’s real occupation. 4) We must…….his eyes to what he cannot see himself. 5) Helen’s bikini…….more than it covers. 6) Do you know who…..this law? 7) It came as a real surprise for Linda to…… that Henry was in love with her. 8) We must……her eyes to what is going on behind her back. 9) Columbus didn’t know that he had …… a new continent. 10) I’m sure we must……his hopeless condition to him.

c) to mend / to repair

1) I’ve……..the door and it shuts properly now. 2) You’d better…….the roof before it rains. 3) You must…….your ways if you want to stay in this job. 4) You have made this mistake. It’s up to you to…… . 5) Please have this typewriter…… . 6) It’s never late to…… . 7) The mistake was mine. I will…… it myself. 8) I know how to……my car myself but I can’t do so without necessary tools. 9) I don’t ask you who broke this window. I want to know which of you is going to……..it. 10) Let me……. Your shirt.

2. Fill the blanks in the sentences with the correct form of the italicized words. Pay special attention to the restrictions of their collocability. What conditions these restrictions?

a) mistake / error / slip

1. It was a……to come here. 2) In war…….cost human lives. 3) I beg your pardon. I’ve taken your book by……. . 4) One must be blind to commit such a monstrous…… . 5) I’ve spotted a number of…….of the pen in your test; they are not serious……but you should be more careful with your work. 6) Sam will not agree, and no…… . 7) Pat is madly in love with John, and no….. . 8) I spotted a number of……in your work. 9) That was only a minor…… . 10) It is a serious…… of calculation.

b) to explain / to interpret / to account for

1. The teacher…… a number of difficult expressions to us. 2. Do you believe that dreams can be…….? 3. Tom…….to me how to use this appliance. 4. I was very nervous at the exam, and that could……..my foolish mistake. 5. What can…….his absence from the meeting? 6. Mary ……that she was late for class because she had got up late. 7. I was in a loss to……what he meant by his words. 8. If you don’t understand it, let me…… . 9. We were not sure how to……her behavior. 10. Well, that…….everything.

c) to end / to finish / to complete / to be over

1. The accident……his career as an engineer. 2. The film was……in three months. 3. The party was…….before 11 p.m. 4. The boxing match was……by a knockout. 5. Have you……..reading this book yet? 6. ……..your supper and go to bed. 7. The game…….in a quarrel. 8. This work must be……..today. 9. When is the performance……..? 10. I’ll ……my work by Friday.

State meanings of the given polysemantic adjectives on the bases of their lexical valency, i.e. with the help of nouns they are combined with.

Model: smart: 1) shirt, car, garden; 2) person, child, carpenter; 3) blow, rise, attack; 4) restaurant, set (society)

According to its lexical valency the adjective smart has the following meanings: 1) neat and stylish in appearance; 2) good or quick in thinking, clever; 3) quick and forceful; 4) being or used by very fashionable people.

Deep: 1) voice, sound, tone; 2) sympathy, gratitude, respect; 3) red, blue, green; 4) breath, sigh; 5) thoughts, ideas; 6) river, water, pond.

Bright: 1) future, prospects; 2) smile, look; 3) people, student, lawyer; 4) colour, clothes; 5) light, sunshine, day.

Strong:hands, muscles, arms; 2) fabric, adhesive, rope; 3) smell, taste, language; 4) leader, president; 5) accent, features; 6) friendship, marriage, partnership; 7) punch, kick, blow.

Heavy: 1) rain, snow, wind; 2) load, burden, responsibility; 3) work, efforts; 4) table, sofa, wardrobe; 5) footsteps, tread; 6) eater, drinker, smoker.

Severe: 1) illness, wound, injury; 2) problem, hardship, difficulty; 3) suit, coat, clothes; 4) penalty, resolution, oppression; 5) battle, struggle, attack.

Smooth: 1) skin, surface; 2) flight, voyage, ride; 3) whisky, brandy, beer; 4) process, business, transition.

4. Analyze the lexical valency of the polysemantic wordsto face, to loseandfull.Translate the sentences into Russian.

A) to face

1. The two men faced each other across the table. 2. She was sitting in the compartment facing the engine. 3. Everybody, see the diagram facing page 67. 4. He couldn’t face the thought of parting from her. 5. Under the circumstances I can’t face speaking to my boss. 6. That was the biggest problem he had ever faced. 7. The main difficulty that faces us is of supplying food. 8. Torquay faces Liverpool on Saturday.

B) to lose

1. The family lost everything when their home burned down. 2. You can easily lose a child in a busy street. 3. The plane lost cabin pressure and everyone had to use oxygen masks. 4. Liverpool lost a match to Madrid by two goals. 5. She lost her son in a car accident. 6. His humour was lost on them. 7. All day he has been lost in thought of improving the situation. 8. She likes nothing better than to lose herself in a book. 9. This watch loses time. 10. He has lost his heart to Helen.

C) full

1. She is expected to make a full recovery. 2. This piece of work is full of mistakes. 3. When the war ended, people were full of joy. 4. At the meeting the leader of the party submitted a full report on the situation. 5. Help yourself! – Thank you, I’m full. 6. I couldn’t stand him, he was so full of himself. 7. The horses ran at full pelt round the track.

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 1916