Lecture 16 Certification in the USA

Lecture plan:

1 There are hundreds of systems developed by different associations

2 Despite the variety of existing certification systems

In contrast to the United States in Western Europe to the U.S. does not have uniform certification or a single national certification body . There are hundreds of systems developed by different associations - manufacturers , private companies. The same situation in the country with standardization - Standards developed by hundreds of organizations of different status .

Despite the lack of a single national certification body , by the government would be under the overall guidance of the certification , attempts to establish common criteria for the certification of existing systems. For this purpose, a national system of accreditation of testing laboratories , a system of registration of certification systems.

Certification in the United States is a guarantee of the quality of the national ( if the authority under which it was created really is a national ) and international levels. Therefore, despite the absence of national legislation , the authority enjoyed a certification system created by such recognized organizations as the National Laboratory for insurance companies, American Laboratory gas industry , agricultural machinery testing center in the state Negraska , etc. In addition, more than 2,000 commercial testing laboratories offer services for testing and certification of a wide range of products for compliance with standards.

During the preparation and adoption of the GATT Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade in the U.S. have implemented a number of measures , consistent with the principles of the Agreement . For example, in 1976, was adopted by the American Institute of Standards program accreditation of testing laboratories. Later Association was established on the accreditation of testing laboratories

Despite the variety of existing certification systems , ranging from self-certification , which received wide circulation in the country , to third-party certification , the general principles of the organization are basically similar .

In the U.S., there are mandatory requirements for the safety of many types of household electrical equipment . Although the legislation on mandatory certification of this equipment in compliance with the standards is not accepted , the local inspection authorities may require to supply and install equipment on their territory has been certified .

When submitting an application for certification , the manufacturer shall submit to the laboratory information about the product (purpose , size, power ratings , wiring diagrams , etc. ) in order to be able to make a preliminary selection of existing security standards , and to assess the amount of necessary research and tests. In addition, this data must be data on all the materials used and the component nodes and parts that have previously been certified . After studying the information, the company reported financial conditions for obtaining a certificate , which include the cost of testing , inspection companies , etc. Concluded an agreement with the company installs a complete list of the commitments made by both parties.

The results of the laboratory tests and surveys of enterprises drawn up a report which provides a detailed description of the product to the performance specifications established by the tests. The list of products to be certified and regularly published .

Control questions :

1. Rasskazhite about the history of the organizational structure and activities of the French Association for Standardization ?

2. What organizations carry out work on standardization and certification in Germany?

3. How functioning certification system in the UK?

4. Sertifikatsiya in the United States , the history of and the general principles of

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 821