Lecture 13 The main problems of international certification and Solutions

Lecture plan:

1 The terms of reference SERTIKO :

2 Measures to facilitate the achievement of mutual trust:

13.1 In international practice approaches to certification are not uniform across countries and even in different industries (within the same country). There is a lot of variation in the execution of the certification because of the use of different systems and techniques used in these systems.

Difficulties software - mutual recognition of certification activities occur due to differences in national legislation , the existing relations between the countries concerned, the difference even approaches to the definition of criteria for the recognition of the state inspection ( control ) services of the partner countries , accreditation of national laboratories , legal liability for incorrect assignment certificates and granting licenses for entering the appropriate marks of conformity , as well as responsibility for the stability of the quality of certified products. Because of this certification for various nesgarmonizirovannyh approach in pursuing the parties can be a serious obstacle to the development of trade relations between these countries, their economic ties.

To do this, all interested countries to develop common principles for certification , a coordinated policy in this area.

Recommendations of international organizations on the principles and operation of certification and analysis of the practice of work on international certification. Let's dwell on the recommendations of international organizations.

The most authoritative in this respect are recommended mendations adopted under the UN Economic Commission for Europe ( UNECE). These recommendations to governments (document EEK/STAND/17 ) are based on the need to find common principles for international certification arrangements , taking into account that regional agreements and other local nature may become a new barrier to the other GIH countries. It has been agreed that the governments of countries - members of the UNECE facilitate the conclusion of agreements on certification.

Basic principles recommended by the UNECE countries , based on the need to establish mutually beneficial conditions for economic cooperation between the countries , which are marked as mandatory :

- The open nature of the certification arrangements for the participation of any party , ready to take the rules and obligations and capable of (what should be emphasized ) to comply with them ;

- Equality of rights and duties and equal treatment to all products imported or domestically produced and covered by the agreement - the mutual recognition of certification systems and the results of tests carried out in the exporting country , to establish compliance with the standards ;

- Availability of qualified personnel and proper equipment in order to be able to ensure that the certification process meets the requirements of the agreement on certification;

- Harmonization (alignment ) national standards (the latter is preferred) ;

- Mutual confidence in the technical competence , reliability and impartiality of the relevant national organizations and certification as a prerequisite for the effective functioning of the certification arrangements .

Measures to facilitate the achievement of mutual trust:

- Exchange of information on national certification schemes , their technical capabilities and administrative positions , including the qualifications of the personnel;

- Visiting experts from the certification bodies in other countries to get acquainted with the organization of monitoring and supervision;

- Improving the arrangements for certification , technical assistance and administrative cooperation between Member States, the adoption of measures to ensure the uniform interpretation and application of the provisions of the agreements , including measures for coordination of test equipment calibration ;

- Exchange of information on best practices and experiences of the control pa bots ;

- Joint training of inspectors and control tests with possible subsequent discussion of the results .

13.2 ISO has established a special committee of certification - SERTIKO . This committee prepared a set of principles for certification , known as the "Code of the principles of ISO / IEC system for third-party certification for compliance with standards."

Body of Principles for the certification of ISO pays special attention to the requirements of the certification - the clarity of definition given in the standard specifications , the reproducibility of the measurement methods and testing.

The Code focuses on the openness of the certification systems , taking into account the quality control procedures in enterprises shall provide for the settlement of claims , the organization of the functioning of systems in such a way that the certification body that represents the interests of the parties could ensure complete impartiality in compliance with the provisions of the Code.

The terms of reference SERTIKO :

- The study of means to ensure the reliability of mutual recognition of national and regional marks of conformity ;

- Participation in the design and development of national and regional systems of certification in order to be able to ensure the development of certification based on ISO standards and the future use of the ISO mark as a sign of compliance ;

- Development of methods for monitoring the use of ISO standards in certification .

13.3 Special ISO Committee on Conformity Assessment ( CASCO) has been researching issues of certification at the international level , development of appropriate recommendations. ISO Committee on conformity assessment of products with standards hull was created in the early 70s due to the rapid development of certification in all countries of the world. At present, it is attended by 35 committee members and 24 countries participate as observers.

The work of preparing recommendations on certification is carried out by working groups , including , for example , the working group on terminology , in the form of test reports on legal liability for the certification mark on product compliance standards , etc.

CASCO - one of the most active of the ISO . He has trained 16 guides , which are published together with the International Electrotechnical Commission ( IEC) .

In 1970 he published a booklet, " Certification . Principles and Practice" , which along with the consideration of varieties of certification encountered in the practice of individual countries , examines the economic issues of certification , the appropriateness of the choice of a variety , depending on specific conditions, etc.

Tasks Hull : study methods for assessing conformity to standards , preparation of international guidelines in the field of testing, inspection and certification of products , processes and services , evaluation of quality management systems, the competence of testing laboratories , certification bodies and supervision , promoting mutual recognition and acceptance in the national and regional quality assurance systems ; expansion greater use of international standards and guidelines for the purposes of testing , inspection, evaluation and certification.

CASCO documents approved by the general rules of third-party certification , the basic principle of the creation of certification systems , as well as guidance for the reporting of test results and general rules for evaluating and recording systems control of the quality in the production of a third party.

The work program provides for CASCO ISO concentration of work on methodological support of the systems certification. Powered by a single management , ISO and IEC , ISO / IEC Guide 2. The work carried out to develop common rules of procedure of international certification systems in order to ensure that national and other regional and international systems could evolve based on identical principles , ensuring interoperability and mutually acceptable outcome assessment and recognition of certificates issued .

Control questions :

1.C What problems of mutual recognition of certification activities faced by countries members of this activity?

2.What makes recommendations UNECE for mutually beneficial economic cooperation in the field of certification ?

3.Mery undertaken by the UNECE in order to achieve mutual trust in the field of certification

4.Kakovy powers Certification Committee SERTIKO ?

5.What type of activity conducted by the Committee on conformity assessment Hull?

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 856