Lecture 10 Topical issues of international standardization

Lecture plan:

1 Harmonisation of standards

2 Uniform standards - harmonized standards are identical in content but different in form.

Levels of harmonization :

3 The selection criteria for the harmonization of normative document:

Main priorities and objectives

1. health and safety;

2. improving the environment;

3. promote scientific and technological process;

4. elimination of technical barriers to international trade , resulting from non-harmonized regulations;

5. UNECE Recommendations on Standardization Policies;

6. Recommendations of the "International harmonization of standards and technical regulations"

The list of objects subject to international standardization includes 15 sectors.

Harmonisation of standards

The harmonization of standards to bring it into line with the content of another standard to ensure interoperability of products (services), mutual understanding of test results and the information contained in the standard.

Identical standards - harmonized standards that are identical in content and form (the exact translation of the international or regional standard adopted in the national system of standardization)

Uniform standards - harmonized standards are identical in content but different in form.

Levels of harmonization :

1. harmonized at international level - these are the standards harmonized with international standards;

2. harmonized at the regional level - the standards are harmonized with the regional standard;

3. standards harmonized on a multilateral basis - three or more harmonized standards bodies;

4. standards harmonized on a bilateral basis - harmonized the two bodies involved in standardization.

The harmonized standard (unilaterally agreed standard) - normative document conforming to a different standard so that products, processes, services, testing, information submitted in accordance with the first standard to meet the requirements of the second, but not vice versa.

Comparable standard is a normative document on the same products (processes, services), approved by various standardization bodies. Contain different requirements but are of the same characteristics (properties) of object standardization, measured by the same methods.

The selection criteria for the harmonization of normative document:

- the degree of security level of interchangeability and compatibility standards of the object, and its impact on the economic and technical efficiency of cooperation;

- standard value for the mutual recognition of test results and quality control;

- the degree of impact of the standards on other regulations;

- The ability of the standard actually or potentially create a technical barrier to trade.

- Procedure for the use of international standards in national standardization - as a basis to use international and regional standards. The texts provide guidance on compliance with international regulations , or any deviation from them;

- Factors affecting the degree of harmonization of national standards, the level of orientation of the economy to foreign trade , the capacity of the internal market;

- Harmonization of national standards with international ones.

"Codex Alimentarius" the FAO/WHO helps protect against the import of substandard, dangerous and adulterated food products, improve the competitiveness of domestic food products, mutual recognition of certification systems of food production in bilateral and multilateral relations.

The use of international standards

Rules of use:

The adoption of the authentic text of the international (regional) standard as the Kazakh government regulations (GOST RK) without any additions and amendments (the "method of cover"). Is designated as a standard , as it is for the national standard

The adoption of the authentic text of the international (regional) standards, but with additions that reflect particular requirements of Kazakhstan to the subject of standardization. In designating a regulatory document to the code of the domestic standard is added the number of the international (regional)

Using (borrowing of certain provisions (standards) and the introduction of international standards in their national regulations. This is acceptable rules GSS RK, but in this case, the international standard is seen as a source of information

Direct application of international standards - the application, regardless of the adoption of any other regulatory document

The indirect application - the application of the standard by other normative document in which this standard was adopted.

Control questions :

1. What are the objectives and priorities for international standardization are solved now.

2. What is the harmonization of standards. Give the definition of an identical and uniform standard. List the levels of harmonization. What is the difference between a consistent and comparable standard.

3. The order of selection criteria document for regulatory harmonization.

4. Tell us about the factors that influence the degree of harmonization of national standards.

5. Rules of use of international standards.

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 729