Ex. 22. Insert necessary Reflexive Pronouns (myself, ourselves, yourself, himself, herself, itself, themselves).

1. They have only … to blame. 2. That woman put … in a difficult position. 3. You can’t expect that baby will take care of … . 4. I am sorry that I don’t make … clear. 5. He is a great chemist. He dedicated … to the branch of colloidal chemistry. 6. The laboratory that days suffered from the lack of money so we bought the chemicals … . 7. Be careful when you work in the laboratory. You may injure … with something dangerous.

Ex. 23. Insert some or any.

1. My teacher lives … distance away from the University. 2. I think I’ll buy … new cloches. 3. Will there be … discussion of the report? – I think, it will be. … people don’t like it. 4. Is there … reliable source of information that you will use in your investigation? 5. Do you speak … French? – No, but I speak … English. 6. There aren’t … lectures on Sunday. 7. … people don’t like seafood. 8. Let’s talk about it … other time. 9. There’ s … papers left on the table. – Oh, I didn’t have time to take them away. 10. I was sure we had … bread left. At breakfast it turned out that we didn’t have … .

Ex. 24. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative.

1. People usually have some free time on weekends. 2. Some of my friends also learn English. 3. There’s some snow in the street. 4. I’ll make some coffee for us. 5. I think I need some help. 5. We must do some experiments tomorrow.

Ex. 25. Use some-, any-, no- + one / body / thing / where.

Ex. 26. Study the following words.

Ex. 27. Think if these statements are true or false. Check yourself after reading.

1. The beginning of chemistry goes back to the first manufacture of iron, glass, ceramics.

2. The modern chemistry appeared in the sixteenth century.

3. Robert Boyle introduced the concept of the chemical element.

4. The greatest discovery of chemistry – Periodic Law – appeared in 1869.

5. The scientists have already studied chemistry completely.

Text 2:

Chemistry

Chemistry is the science which deals with materials, their properties and the transformations they undergo. So chemistry is the study of the composition and properties of matter, their changes, the conditions under which such changes take place, and the energy changes which accompany them.

Chemistry is concerned with the nature of fire and the structure of water, it deals with colours, catalysis and crystal structure, with physical properties and chemical reactivity.

Chemistry is one of the fundamental sciences. It plays an important part in the development of biochemistry, physics, geology, and many other fields of science. Chemistry's origin goes back to ancient times, with the manufacture of bronze, iron, ceramics, glass.

At the end of the sixteenth century sufficient facts, entirely free of magic which surrounded the work of the alchemists appeared.

In the seventeenth century modern chemistry began with the work of Robert Boyle. He was the first one who studied quantitatively the relationship between the volume of a gas and the external pressure upon it. Later A. Lavoisier introduced the concept of the chemical elements.

In the 19th century A. Avogadro introduced the formulation of molecules. He stated that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.

F. A. Kekule and A. M. Butlerov introduced the structural theory of organic chemistry.

In 1869 D. I. Mendeleyev discovered regularities in the properties of the elements. D. I. Mendeleyev's discovery was the greatest one in chemistry.

Many great scientists devoted their life to the development of chemistry among them Bohr whose theory of the hydrogen atom was very important, the Curies who in 1934 announced the preparation of artificial radio-active elements, Marie Curie who discovered radium, and the element polonium.

Many great Russian chemists made a great contribution to world science. Among them, the outstanding Russian chemists M. V. Lomonosov, D. I. Mendeleyev, A. M. Butlerov, Academician N. N. Semenov, and many others.

Everyone now understands the importance of chemistry. The future of chemistry is practically unlimited. Rapid development of chemical industry will make it possible to create many new goods, machines, plastics, polymers, it will help to understand many new phenomena.

Ex. 28. Answer the following questions:

1. What do you know about chemistry? 2. What does chemistry study? 3. What does chemistry deal with? 4. Why is chemistry one of the fundamental sciences? 5. When did sufficient facts about chemistry appear? 6. When did modern chemistry begin? 7. Who was the first to study quantitatively the relationship between the volume of a gas and the external pressure upon it? 8. What did Lavoisier introduce? 9. Who discovered regularities in the properties of the elements? 10. What can you tell about the future of chemistry?

Date: 2016-01-03; view: 960