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I. Complete the sentences.1. At the technical level the Gothic style is characterized by the ribbed vault, the flying buttress, and ... a) the round arch b) the bulbous dome c) the pointed arch 2. The title the "first Gothic building" is given to ... a) the abbey of Saint-Denis b) Westminster abbey c) King's College Chapel 3. In English architecture the usual subdivisians are Early English, Decorated and ... styles. a) Carolingian b) Flamboyant c) Perpendicular 4. English architects for a long time retained a liking for ... a) plain surfaces b) heavy surface decoration c) curved surfaces 5. Gothic was essentially the style of... countries. a) the Buddhist b) the Orthodox c) the Catholic II. Choose the right sentence. 1. The Gothic style developed in most countries of Europe. a) The Gothic style was associated with the barbarian north. b) Gothic is represented in many European countries. c) Paris — for much of this period the home of a powerful and artistically enlightened court — played an especially important role in the history of Gothic art. 2. Canterbury Cathedral was the most influential building in the new fashion. a) Canterbury Cathedral was the most important structure of the Early English Gothic. b) Canterbury resembles St. Paul's Cathedral. c) Canterbury Cathedral was built in the 12th century. 3. English architects retained a liking for heavy surface decoration. a) English architects preferred restrained decoration. b) The stained glass of the period was heavily coloured. c) English architects kept on using ponderous exterior decorations. 4. Gothic was used for cathedrals, churches and monasteries. a) Gothic was used for industrial buildings. b) Gothic was used for ecclesiastic structures. c) In most European countries artists imitated architectural styles from northern France.
Read the text and speak on the reason of imitation of Gothic architecture
NEO-GOTHIC The architectural movement most commonly associated with Romanticism is the Gothic Revival, a term first used in England in the mid-19th century to describe buildings being erected in the style of the Middle Ages and later expanded to embrace the entire Neo-Gothic movement. The first clearly self-conscious imitation of Gothic architecture for reasons of nostalgia appeared in England in the early 18th century. Buildings erected at that time in the Gothic manner were for the most part frivolous and decorative garden ornaments, actually more Rococo than Gothic in spirit. But, with the rebuilding beginning in 1747 of the country house Strawberry Hill by the English writer Horace Walpole, a new and significant aspect of the revived style was given convincing form; and, by the beginning of the 19th century, picturesque planning and grouping provided the basis for experimentation in architecture. Gothic was especially suited to this aim. Scores of houses with battlements and turrets in the style of a castle were built in England during the last years of the 18th century. French architects, in particular, Viollet-le-Duc, who restored a range of buildings from the Sainte-Chapelle and Notre-Dame in Paris to the whole town of Carcassonne, were the first to appreciate the applicability of the Gothic skeleton structure, with its light infilling, to a modern age, and the analogy was not lost on subsequent architects at a time when the steel frame was emerging as an important element of structural engineering. Functionalism and structural honesty as ideals in the Modern movement were a legacy of the Gothic Revival. Not surprisingly, the Gothic Revival was felt with most force in those countries in which Gothic architecture itself was most in evidence — England, France, and Germany. Each conceived it as a national style, and each gave to it a strong and characteristic twist of its own.
Date: 2016-01-03; view: 779
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