A. Words in Context

1. Tick the word closest in meaning to that of the each boldfaced word. Use the context of the sentences to help you figure out each word’s meaning.

dispar­age (v)Companies in the clothing industry have

been disparaged more than once for poor health and safety records.

Disparage means a. praise b. criticize c. applaud

exoneration (n)When a million dollars mysteriously vanished, the company decided to fire its accountant. The exoneration came after the cause was traced to a computer malfunction.

Exoneration means a. harm b. proof of guilt c. rehabilitation

indigenous (adj)Manufacturers tend to move their

production to developing countries where they can use underpaid indigenouslabour force.

Indigenous means a. important b. native c. welcomed

liability (n)My shyness with strangers would be a

liability in any job that involved

meeting the public, such as sales.

Liability means a. an asset b. a handicap c. a necessity

ostracize (v)High-profile companies will never

condone the infringement of codes of ethics from their employees. They will ostracize any manager behaving unethically.

Ostracize means a. reject b. feel sorry for c. control

proliferation (n)Rapid development of capitalism

triggered the proliferation of workshops, involving sweatshop labour with terrible working conditions.

Proliferation means a. damage b. shortage c. rapid increase

rudimentary (adj)The factory was just a caricature of a

modern enterprise. The equipment was rudimentary, the personnel unqualified, the management inadequate.

Rudimentary means a. not advanced b. intermediate

c. advanced

squelch (v)Such rigid control can only squelch

employees’ initiative.

Squelch means a. encourage b. hold back c. release

tenet (n)Our company’s main tenet is: “Ethically

responsible business is profitable”.

Tenet means a. a principle b. a ritual c. a prediction

ubiquitous (adj)Though labor abuse is ubiquitous and

seen in every corner of the world and industry, companies in the clothing industry are particularly open to criticisms about sweatshop labor.

Ubiquitous means a. scarce b. newly discovered

c. found everywhere

vociferous (adj)A quite, polite discussion may be better

than a vociferous argument, but some people get more satisfaction out of yelling and shouting.

Vociferous means a. distant b. mild c. loud

Write the word next to its definition. The sentences in the previous exercise will help you decide on the meaning of each word.

……………………. Fundamental; necessary to learn first

……………………. Living, growing, or produced naturally in a

particular place; native

……………………. To expel or exclude from a group

……………………. A belief or principle held to be true by an

individual or group

…………………….. Something that acts as a disadvantage; a

drawback

…………………….. A rapid increase or spread

…………………….. To criticize and show no respect to something

……………………... Existing or seeming to exist everywhere at

the same time

……………………… Proof of innocence, clearing of an accusation

……………………… Noisy; expressing feelings loudly and

intensely

……………………… To silence or suppress; crush

Date: 2015-12-24; view: 952