E) Resolution of International Earth Summit (1992)

Kazakhstan Institute of Management, Economics and Strategic Research

SCHOOL OF GENERAL EDUCATION

MIDTERM

GEN 1030

INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

September 29, 2011

Section # __________ Fall 2011

Instructor: ______________________

Student’s Surname___________________

ID #___________________

Please read the following examination rules. Any failure to observe the following rules will be considered cheating, and you will receive an F for the exam.

1. Candidates may not leave the room once the examination has started. Candidates leaving the examination room will not be allowed to come back into the examination room.

2. Candidates MUST produce their ID cards.

3. All books, materials, papers, notes, magazines, journals, bags, brief cases and other materials must be placed in the designated area.

4. All work must be carried out in the official answer sheet. No other paper may be used.

5. Candidates may not borrow anything from other candidates.

6. Talking to anyone other than the invigilator in the examination room is regarded as cheating.

7. The examination will be conducted in strict silence. Mobile phones, pagers, and clock/watch alarms must be turned off.

8. No questions may be asked after the examination is commenced.

9. All communications, in any form or looking at each other’s papers are strictly prohibited.

10. Any candidate continuing to work after the invigilator announced that time is up or after the “pens down” announcement will be considered to have breached the rules and committed an act of cheating.

I have read and understood the examination rules, and I take the full responsibility of the consequences of violating these rules.

(Signature) ___________________________

I Midterm (15 pts)

A. Multiple-choice questions (0.5 pts x 15 = 7.5 pts)

1. The international agreement governing problems of control over green house gases in the atmosphere is:

A) COP15 Declaration (Copenhagen, 2009)

B) Kyoto Protocol (1997)

C) Montreal Protocol (1987)

D) Clean Air Act (1970)

E) Resolution of International Earth Summit (1992)

2. ___________________ is the process that uses oxygen to break down large, organic molecules into smaller inorganic molecules (releases energy that organisms can use).

A) Green House Effect

B) Photosynthesis

C) Respiration

D) Carbon cycle

3. Toxic substances include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) radioactive materials

B) carbon dioxide

C) pesticides

D) heavy metals

4. All the following types of pollution are non-material EXCEPT for

A) noise

B) radiation

C) dust

D) thermal pollution

5. Which of the following is not a component of the standard commercial fertilizers?

A) nitrogen (N)

B) potassium (K)

C) iron (Fe)

D) phosphorus (P)

6. In the diagram shown, which state of matter is represented by the letter A?

A) gas

B) plasma

C) liquid

D) solid

7. Which of the following crops does not belong to the three main crops that humans are most dependent on:

A) rice

B) maize

C) wheat

D) potatoes

8. If the population of certain country doubles within 140 years, annual population growth rate r is equal

A) 2%

B) 0.5%

C) 5%

D) 0.2%

9. People are very likely to develop the following disease due to the lack of iron in their diet:

A) thyroid problems

B) anemia

C) kwashiorkor

D) blindness

10. Biomagnification refers to the process of

A) increasing the concentration of toxic substances as we move up the food chain

B) selective absorption and storage of toxins by living organisms
C) decreasing the concentration of toxic substances as we move up the food chain
D) accumulating important nutrients during the life of an organism

11. One gram of fiber supplies

A) 0 kcal of energy

B) 4 kcal of energy

C) 7 kcal of energy

D) 9 kcal/g

12. Essential elements of life that make up 96% of living matter, are:

A) carbon, sulphur, calcium and oxygen.

B) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

C) oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and hydrogen.

D) oxygen, nitrogen, calcium and hydrogen.

13. The wolf and the fox are on the same tropic level because both animals:

A) use food at 10%

B) eat herbivore organisms

C) live on the land

D) have large size

14. Biological community along with its physical environment, interacting in an exchange of matter and energy form

A) Ecosystem

B) Biome

C) Biosphere

D) Population

15. Population of Kazakhstan at the beginning of 2011 was closer to the following number:

A) 17 mln

B) 16.5 mln

C) 15.5 mln

D) 15 mln

B. Fill in the blanks (0.5 x 2 = 1 pt):

1.FOOT PRINT is a measure of land required to provide food, energy, water, housing, transportation & waste disposal for one person.

2.Malnourishmentis a nutritional imbalance caused by lack of specific dietary components.

C. Answer the following question (2 points):

Define five classes of TOXIC SUBSTANCES. Explain their health effect, give one example for each class.

Neurotoxins - class of poisons that attack nerve cells:

• Heavy Metals kill nerve cells (lead, cadmium).

• Chlorinated Hydrocarbons disrupt nerve cell membranes (DDT).

• Organophosphates inhibit signal transmission between nerve cells.

Mutagens - agents that damage or alter genetic material.

Radiation

Teratogens - cause abnormalities during embryonic growth and development.

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