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Lyseum Architect Stasov

It was established by Russian tsar Alexander I in 1811.

It was the boarding school ? for the boys from the oldest aristocratic families. It provided very progressive education. The best teachers and professors teach here. Many famous people graduated from it among them Alexander Pushkin. Lyseum existed here till 1840, and then it was transformed to St.Petersburg. Now there is a museum with classrooms and bedrooms.

The Alexander Palace 1792-1796 Quarenghi.

It was commissioned by Catherine II and presented as a wedding gift to Alexander I. His brother Nicholas I prefer this palace.

Nicholas II (Meltser ìîäåðí)

It was permanent’s the last Russian tsars. After the February revolution he was kept here and from this palace departed to Siberia. After Bolshevik revolution it was a museum. In IIWW it was given to the Military Ministry. Now it is belong to the Catherine palace. Exhibition devoted to Nicholas II.

The name.

Children village – in the 19th this town was very popular destination among middle class people, that’s why there was many country houses. After revolution they were nationalized and become orphan houses. By the order of Krupskaya it was renamed.

100 years from Pushkin death, as this place is closely connected with him it was renamed again after his name.

Pavlovsk. Palace and park.

Pavlovsk

 

It is the former summer residence of royal family. Catherine II presented a huge hunting area to her only legitimate son Paul.

It was in 1777 when the first son Alexander I was born. At first, small wood palaces were put. After that, Paul and his wife Maria were travelling to the Europe for one year where they visited all European countries courts. They were presented a lot of valuable things, they visited workshops, artist studios, and they bought furniture, paintings, silverware, clocks, carpets, porcelain. Many of these items are exhibited in the halls of the palace.

In Italy they bought big collection of ancient sculpture. Now it is the second collection of ancient art after Hermitage museum.

The construction of the palace

The palace was commissioned by Catherine II. She invited one of her favorite architects Charles Cameron, who designed an Italian villa on the top of a natural hill, on the bank of the Slavyanka river in 1780.

In 1796 Catherine II died and Cameron was dismissed. Another architect was invited – Brenna. 1796 when Paul become the tsar of Russia, Brenna turned this place into official of Paul I He added the throne hall. In 1803 there was the fire in the palace. Architect Voronihin recreated the palace. Later Rossi and Quarenghi worked in the palace.

Paul died 1801 and his palace went to his wife Maria Fedorovna, who lived here till her death.

Then it belong to the Romanovs till revolution. In 1941 occupation started, and lasted till January 1944. Palace was badly destroyed. The restoration started after the war and was successfully completed. Now you can see the state rooms, living rooms of Paul and Maria.



The Pavlovsky Park (600ga).

It is one of the finest landscapes or English parks in Europe. It is the second after park in London.

There are many pavilions

 

 


Date: 2015-12-24; view: 978


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Âîïðîñ 9. Spilt Blood Church. Historical events. Interior decoration. | Âîïðîñ 17. Hermitage museum. The development of Italian Art in the 14th – 18th centuries.
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