COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF PERSONNEL

LECTURE

LABOR RESOURCES OF ENTERPRISE

Labor is a contribution to the process of manufacturing which is carried out by people in the form of direct expenditure of intellectual and physical efforts. The set of intellectual and physical abilities of the person, his (her) ability to work is referred to as labor.

Under conditions of market relations “ability to work” makes labor commodity. This commodity has the following features:

· It creates cost, which is bigger than it costs;

· No manufacture is possible without its mobilization;

· Efficiency of using the fixed and circulating assets depends on it in many respects.

COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF PERSONNEL

The structure of the enterprise personnel is of great importance for providing manufacturing efficiency. The personnel of the enterprise (the staff, labor collective) is the set of workers who are included in its payroll. In world practice, the classification according to which workers are divided into managers and executors is often used. Managers are organizers of manufacture of various levels.

The personnel of the industrial enterprise is subdivided first of all into industrial and production and nonindustrial personnel. Workers directly connected with manufacturing and service, belong to the industrial and production personnel: workers of industrial shops and sites, factory laboratories, the administrative personnel. Workers occupied in non-productive sphere belong to the nonindustrial personnel: housing and communal services, kindergartens, canteens belonging to the enterprise, etc.

According to the character of functions industrial and production personnel is subdivided into four categories: workers, supervisors, specialists and technical executors (employees).

People directly occupied in the process of creating material values, repair, moving cargoes, transportation of passengers, rendering material services, etc. are ranked among workers.

In their turn, workers are subdivided into basic and auxiliary ones. Workers directly connected with production belong to basic workers, those who are connected with service of manufacture are ranked among auxiliary ones.

Working people occupying positions of heads of enterprises and their structural divisions aresupervisors.

The supervisors heading collectives of industrial divisions, enterprises, branches and their assistants are linear supervisors. The supervisors heading collectives of functional services and their assistants are functional supervisors.

According to the level occupied in the general management system, all supervisors are subdivided into supervisors of the local link, middle link and the top echelon.

Masters, senior masters, construction superintendents, chiefs of small shops, and heads of divisions inside functional departments and services are supervisors of the local link.

Directors of enterprises, general directors of associations, chiefs of large shops are supervisors of the middle link.

Executives of the top echelon are supervisors of financial and industrial groups, general directors of large associations, heads of functional departments of ministries, departments and their assistants.

Working people of intellectual work are specialists (bookkeepers, economists, engineers).

Technical executors (employees) are working people who carry out preparation and registration of the documentation, accounting and control, economic service. Supply agents, typists, cashiers, clerks, timekeepers belong to them.

The ratio of working people according to categories characterizes the structure of the enterprise human resources.

Depending on the character of labor activity the enterprise personnel is subdivided according to trades, specialties and skills level.

Trade (profession) is a kind of activity demanding certain knowledge and labor skills, which are obtained by the way of general or special education and practical experience.

Specialty is a kind of activity within the framework of a certain trade, which has specific features and demands from working people additional special knowledge and skills. For example, the economist - specialist in planning, the economist - bookkeeper, the economist - financier, the economist - specialist in HR within the framework of the trade of the economist. Or: the mechanical technician, fitter, the internal plumber within the framework of the working trade of the mechanic.

Qualification defines the level of knowledge and labor skills of the worker according to the specialty, which is reflected in qualifying (tariff) categories.

Date: 2015-12-18; view: 948