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F. Choose the correct variant.1. I heard the partners had signed / sign a mutually advantageous contract. 2. John noticed Sally be / was very pale and excited. 3. Kevin saw a new visitor enclose / enclosed a statement with the letter. 4. I hear the head of the department reported / report on the expenditure against budget. 5. I felt something crawl / crawled on my back. 6. We feel this takeover bid threatens / threaten the future of our firm. 7. I see someone got / get away from prison this morning. It’s in today’s news. 3. Is the infinitive or the ing-form used after the verbs of perception?
a. The bare infinitive generally refers to the complete action: I watched the secretary typea letter on a paper with a printed letterhead. (i.e. from start to finish) b. The -ing form generally refers to an action in progress: I watched the secretary typinga letter on a paper with a printed letterhead.(i.e. I saw part of the action) c. We may use hear, observe, perceive, see in the passive + -ing or a to-infinitive: Shewas seenexecutingthe order. Shewas seento executethe order. d. We may also use Past Participle as a part of Complex object: The freight forwarders watched the crates loaded. Exercise 3 Join these pairs of sentences, deciding if to use a bare infinitive or -ing. Model 1: Mr. Roberts was examining the document. Mr. Thorn saw him. – Mr. Thorn saw him examining the document. 1. She was informing the press. I heard her. I heard _________________________________________________ . 2. The clerks were instructing the manager. They were seen. The clerks were seen ________________________________ . 3. He was reading the above mentioned document. Mr. Ray saw it. Mr. Ray saw ____________________________________________. 4. The authorities were looking through the proposals very thoughtfully. The secretary noticed that. The secretary noticed _________________________________________. 5. The officials were examining budget carefully. The visitors of the Senate watched it. The visitors of the Senate watched _______________________. Model 2: Mr. Roberts examined the document. Mr. Thorn saw him. – Mr. Thorn saw him examine the document. 1. The typist said the amendments were attached. She was heard. The typist was heard _______________________________________. 2 They discussed the ways of ruling the country. I listened to them. I listened ______________________________________________ . 3. One of the clerks told a lie. Everybody heard it. Everybody heard __________________________________________. 4. She made a lot of spelling mistakes typing a resolution. The boss noticed it. The boss noticed ________________________________________. 5. The authority body examined the documents. We saw it. We saw ________________________________________________. Model 3: The document was examined. Mr. Thorn watched it. – Mr. Thorn watched the document examined. 11. The documents were handled. They saw it. They saw the documents__________________ . 2. The secretary packed the files. I saw it. I saw the files______________ . 3. The Charter of Incorporation was signed. He watched it. He watched the Charter_____________ . Model 4: Mr. Grant wanted John to comment on the alterations made. - Mr. Grant asked John to comment on it. - Mr. Grant asked for the commentary. - Mr. Grant asked for the commentary to be made. 1. The shareholders wanted top management to draw up a policy of the company urgently. 2. The electoral colleges required the President and Vice President to be elected. 3. I’d like the Cabinet to provide materials as soon as possible. 4. We ordered the Parliament secretary to set the letter of inquiry.
4. What is Complex Subject and when do we use it? The subject of the sentence is sometimes expressed by a noun (or pronoun) and an Infinitive which follows the predicate. Although the noun (or pronoun) and the Infinitive do not stand together, they are closely connected and form a Complex Subject, which is used: a. with verbs expressing permission, request, intention, order, compulsion[1] such as allow, permit, suffer, order, command, compel, force, make, request, mean, intend, etc. The files were requested to be ready by 7 o’clock. They were ordered to cancel the meeting. b. with verbs expressing perception of the senses, such as hear, see, feel, etc. They were seen to take out a policy at the Lloyds. c. with verbs of mental perception, such as expect, know, believe, deny, etc. He was believed to have a permit. d. with verbs of saying and reporting , such as say, report, state, pronounce etc. This company is said to be set up as a trading subsidiary. e. with such verbs as seem, appear, happen, prove, chance, etc., and with expressions to be sure (certain, uncertain, likely, unlikely. Here the predicate is in the Active Voice: He appears to be very enterprising. Exercise 4 Date: 2015-12-17; view: 1398
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