Identification of words

Match the words in the left-hand column with their explanations in the right-hand column, e.g. 1-7.

1. apparent	1. make known to other people
2. contemporary	2. impossible to believe
3. cram	3. distributed over a wide area
4. discrepancy	4. lasting only for a limited time
5. estimation	5. a difference or disagreement between two things

Taking Computer for Granted

6. expand	6. stop or hinder, make impossible
7. exploit	7. easily seen, evident
8. incredible	8. make good use of
9. introduce	9. very great or strong, immense
10. permanent	10. grow wider or bigger
11. prevent	11. lasting indefinitely
12. temporary	12. fill full, stuff, force into a space
13. tremendous	13. judgment of thing's approximate value
14. widespread	14. modern

2. Useful expressions

Try to understand and translate the following expressions, using the explanation of the words. Then invent sentences using these expressions.

1. Plummeting costs; plummet - weight of lead hung on a line, for taking depths at sea.

2. To spark an interest in; spark - a small red-hot part thrown off from something burning, fiery particle.

3. Speaking of profound; profound - showing great knowledge or understanding.

4. Is the game worth the candle? (Proverb) Worth - value, price; candle - a stick of wax enclosing a wick, which is burnt to give light.

5. The tear-drop sized computer; tear - a drop of liquid from the eye; drop - a small rounded mass of liquid.

6. To have advantages in comparison with; advantage - superiority, gain or benefit.

7. On the other hand.

3. Reading comprehension

Read the text, try to understand the topic, look for the logical sequence of the items and put them in the proper order. The first item is in the right position.

1. You turn the computer on and it loads data from ROM and performs a power-on self test (POST) to make sure all the components are functioning properly.

UNIT 4

2. When you open an application, it is loaded into RAM. To conserve RAM usage, many applications load only the essential parts of the program initially and then load other pieces as needed.

3. The computer loads the basic input / output system (BIOS) from ROM. The BIOS provides the most basic information about storage devices, boot sequence, Plug and Play (auto device recognition) capability and other items.

4. After an application is loaded, any files that are opened for use in that application are loaded into RAM.

5. The computer loads the OS from the hard drive into the system's RAM. Generally, the critical parts of the OS are maintained in RAM as long as the computer is on. This allows the CPU to have immediate access to the operating system.

6. When you save a file and close the application, the file is written to the specified storage device, and than it and the applications are purged from RAM.

4. Computer terms in use

Match the terms in the left-hand column with their definitions in the right-hand column.

1. adapter	1. a memory subsystem that provides faster access to data by serving as a storage area between RAM and CPU
2. algorithm	2. an information system based on two ore more computers
3. architecture	3. a computer designed to provide various services for an entire network
4. cache	4. specific rules or steps prescribed for solving a problem
5. driver	5. the design of software, hardware or a complete computer system
6. integrated circuit	6. the ability to simultaneously process more than one element of data
7. microchip capacity	7. CPU

Taking Computer/or Granted

8. microprocessor	8. an electronic circuit on a silicon chip
9. network	9. a number of transistors on a chip
10. parallel processing	10. a piece of software that translates requests from one form into another; it lets a PC talk to peripherals
11. path	11. a device that makes it possible to connect a specific peripheral unit device (e.g. monitor) to a computer
12. plug and play	12. the location of a file or directory, e.g. С: \ Windows \ System
13. server	13. an industry standard that allows computer peripherals to be automatically configured by the OS

B. Find out Russian equivalents of the computer terms given below.

If it is beyond your grasp, give at least Russian explanation.

Disk drive Itis a machine that reads data from and

writes data onto a disk. A disk drive rotates the disk very fast. It has one or more heads that read and write data. There are different types of disk drives for different types of discs. A hard disk drive (HDD) reads and writes hard disks, and a floppy drive (FDD) reads and writes floppy disks.

Disk cashing Itis a method to improve the performance of

the file system. A section of memory is used as a temporary holding place for frequently accessed file data.

Mass storage Itrefers to various techniques and devices for

storing large amount of data. Mass storage devices retain data even when the computer is turned off. Usually refers to a hard disk, although it could refer to a floppy disk, CD-ROM disk or DVD disk.

UNIT 4

Keyboard

Function keys

A keyboard on a computer is almost identical to a keyboard on a typewriter. Computer keyboards will typically have extra keys, however. Some of these keys are meant to be used in conjunction with other keys just like shift on a regular typewriter. Other keys (Insert, Delete, Home, End, function keys etc) are meant to be used independently and often perform editing tasks. Keyboards on different platforms will often look slightly different and have somewhat different collections of keys. Smaller keyboards with only math-related keys are typically called Keypads. On a computer keyboard, the keys that start with an «F» and are usually (but not always) found on the top row. They are meant to perform user-defined tasks.

Date: 2015-12-11; view: 850

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