Match the words in the left-hand column with their defini-tionsin the right-hand column, e.g. 1-9.

1. design	1. gradual development
2. division	2. people born at about the same time
3. evolution	3. discover the answer to
4. generation	4. follow the tracks or course
5. multiplication	5. a result of taking away one number from another
6. previous	6. a result of increasing a number by adding it to itself a certain number of times
7. promote	7. a result of finding out how many times one number contains another
8. release	8. advertise
9. sequence	9. a plan of
10. solve	10. allow to be made public
11. subtraction	11. going before in time

UN1T3

12. trace	12. a number of things following in order
13. poll	13. give your support to a particular candidate
14. vote	14. place for an election

2. Useful expressions

Invent sentences using the expressions from the left column:

Expression	Definition
«open» and «close»	turn on and turn off
a sequence of instructions	an order of commands
ambitious machine	(here) computer that meets up to date requirements
be capable of executing	be able to carry out
break codes	solve a task concerning a system of signals used for secrecy
bring huge gains in computational power	enlarge very much computational possibilities
deserve the credit for the idea	deserve acknowledgement of merit of being the first who proposed the idea
divide into	separate into parts
dramatic improvements	impressive improvements
in principle	chiefly
in under an hour	in less than an hour
the second generation saw	the second generation included
up-to time	modern
wear out	become damaged by prolonged use

Taking Computer for Granted

3. Reading comprehension

Read the text, try to understand the topic, look for the logical sequence of the items and put them in the proper order. The first item is in the right position.

1. On May, 22, 1990, the critically accepted Windows 3.0 was released. Windows 3.0 had an improved program manager and icon system, a new file manager, support for sixteen colors, and improved speed and reliability.

2. Windows 2000 was based on Microsoft's NT technology, and Microsoft offered automatic software updates over the Internet. We can expect to see a greater user of speech and facial recognition in future versions of Windows. Computer users will soon control their computers without even touching a keyboard or mouse.

3. On August 24, 1995, Windows 95 was released in a buying fever so great that even consumers without home computers bought copies of the program. Windows 95 was considered very user-friendly. It was the first version of Windows that did not require MS-DOS to be installed beforehand.

4. Most important, Windows 3.0 gained widespread third-party support. Programmers started writing Windows-compatible software, giving users a reason to buy Windows 3.0. Three million copies were sold the first year, and Windows finally came of age.

5. On June 25,1998, Microsoft released Windows 98. It was the last version of Windows based on the MS-DOS kernel. Windows 98 has Microsoft's Internet browser «Internet Explorer 4» built in and supports the new input devices like USB.

6. On April 6,1992, Windows 3.1 was released. Three million copies were sold in the first two months. True Type scalable font support was added, along with multimedia capability etc.

4. Computer terms in use

A. Match the temns in the left-hand column with their definitions in the right-hand column, e.g. 5-7.

UNIT3

1. basic circuits	1. a machine that that can be used for different purposes
2. compression	2. a series of actions that computer performs accepting data from users and producing a respond
3. extension	3. a list of instructions written in a computer language
4. general purpose computer	4. electronic devices
5. high level language	5. a programming language that communicates directly with the hardware
6. low level language	6. a means of communication used between computers
7. parallel processing	7. a programming language that must be processed through a compiler before they can be put to use
8. process	8. a rough grouping of different file types by putting a tag at the end of the name
9. program	9. processing data through the use of two or more CPUs
10. protocol	10. the process of packing data into lesser amount of storage space

B. Find out Russian equivalents of the computer terms given below. If it is beyond your grasp give at least Russian explanation:

OS. The software program, that controls the operating of a computer. It acts as an interface between the machine and the software applications. OS creates and organizes files and directories. It also controls the operation of peripheral devices. «OS» is an abbreviation. What does it mean?

Boot Starting up an OS is booting it. If the computer is already running, it is more often called rebooting.

Address.A location of data, which is usually in main memory or on a disc. You can think of computer memory as an array of storage boxes, each of which is one bite in length. Each box has an

Taking Computer for Granted

address (a unique number) assigned to it. By specifying a memory address, programmers can access a particular byte of data.

Discs are divided into tracks and sectors, each of which has a unique address.

Format a disc.To prepare a storage medium, usually a disc, for reading and writing. When you format a disc, the operating system erases all bookkeeping information on the disc, tests the disc to make sure all sectors are reliable, marks bad sectors (those that are scratched) and creates internal address tables that it later uses to locate information.

Capture.A term for saving data in a computer.

Buffer.A temporary holding place reserved in memory.

Browse.To look through files, directories etc on a computer system.

4. A bit of reading practice

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