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VIDEOLAPAROSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER OF THE ORGANS OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY


A.I. GAJAKAYEVA, R.T. MAJIDOV


Dagestan State Medical Academy
, Makhachkala, RUSSIA

 

Introduction. Early diagnosis of tumor process is one of the most difficult and urgent problems of modern oncology and surgery. Especially important is the development of rapid methods of diagnosis of a tumor. At present, one of the most prospective methods of early diagnosis of malignant tumors is the method of fluorescent spectroscopy.

The aim of the study. To improve the results of diagnosis of cancer of the abdominal cavity at the early stage of cancer.

Materials and methods. To improve early diagnosis of cancer we have developed a device for the performance of laser fluorescence analysis of areas of the abdominal cavity affected by cancer and intact areas. Luminescent spectral study of tissues of liver, stomach, colon, omentum and lymph nodes during laparoscopy by using a device of own design were conducted in 63 patients. Of them, in 29 cases there was observed hepatic cancer, in 22 – gastric tumor, and in 12 - colonic tumor. Control studies were conducted in 15 patients with benign surgical diseases of abdominal organs by the study of the degree of autofluorescence of the liver, stomach, colon, omentum and lymph nodes during laparoscopy and laparotomy. In all the cases, a morphologic study for the verification of the tumor process and determination of morphofunctional state of the body was carried out.

Results. In all cases, the ratio of diagnostic contrast of unchanged sites constituted: for the liver-1,15, stomach-1,13, colon-1,07, lymph nodes - 1,12, omentum-1,15%. From sites affected by tumor process: P <0.05. There was observed a shift of the maximum of fluorescence over the injured site on the 6-9nm toward longer wavelengths.

Conclusion. Laser spectral analysis based on tissue autofluorescence is an effective method of express-diagnosis of tumor process during laparoscopy, when visually it is impossible to determine the nature of injury of organs. Simultaneously conducted morphological studies of tissues showed high sensitivity of the method for the identification of tumor process.

 


Date: 2014-12-28; view: 1251


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