Home Random Page


CATEGORIES:

BiologyChemistryConstructionCultureEcologyEconomyElectronicsFinanceGeographyHistoryInformaticsLawMathematicsMechanicsMedicineOtherPedagogyPhilosophyPhysicsPolicyPsychologySociologySportTourism






Requests

Commands

1. Commands with the Low Fall (preceded or not preceded by the Falling Head or the High (Medium) Level Head) are very powerful, intense, serious and strong. The speaker appears to take it for granted that his words will be heeded, that he will be obeyed,

eg: ¢Try the other key. (H.L.H.) ¢Come and have ¢dinner with Tom. (F.H.)

2. Commands with the High Fall seem to suggest a course of action rather than to give an order; the speaker does not seem to be worrying whether he will be obeyed or not,

eg: ¢Put some ¢more milk in it. (H.L.H.)

3. Short commands pronounced with the Low Fall alone sound unemotional, calm, controlled, often cold,

eg: Take it. Stop it.

Requests

1. Requests with the Low Rise preceded by the Falling or the High (Medium) Level Heads sound soothing, encouraging, perhaps calmly patronising,

eg: ¢Don’t move. (H.L.H.) ¢Come and ¢stay with us again soon. (F.H.)

2. Requests with the Fall-Rise sound pleading,

eg: Try not to. (No Head) ¢Don’t for¢get to re Ú mind me. (F.H.)

 

INTONATION OF STATEMENTS

 

1. Statements are most widely used with the Low (Medium) Fall preceded by the Falling Head or the High (Medium) Level Head. In all these cases they are final, complete and definite,

eg: It’s difficult. (No Head) It was ¢not so easy. (H.L.H.)

I ¢wanted to ¢go there immediately. (F.H. + L.F.)

2. If the statement is intended to be soothing or encouraging the last stressed syllable is pronounced either with the Low Rise or the Mid-Level nuclear tones usually preceded by the Falling or the High (Medium) Level Heads, eg It’s all > right.

Statements are also used with the low rising tone when they are intended as questions, eg You like it?

3. If the statement is a grumble it is pronounced with Low Head + Low Fall,

eg I ¢didn’t ex¢pect to ¢see you here.

4. If the statement is a correction of what someone else has said or a contradiction to something previously uttered or a warning it is used with the Fall-Rise usually preceded by the Falling Head or the High (Medium) Level Head,

eg He is thirty. – He is ¢thirty- Ú five.

 

intonation of parentheses

 

Parentheses, consisting of a word, word combination or a clause show the speaker’s attitude towards the idea expressed in the sentence, connect the sentence with another one or summarize what is said in the sentence,

eg: Personally, I never touch the stuff. He is a nice chap, I think.

 

At the beginning of a sentence parentheses are frequently arranged by the low rising or mid-level tone into a separate intonation group,

eg: > Well, | ¢what’s the 'matter with you, Mr. Walker?

To ¢crown it all | I ¢had an accident the other day.

To attach more importance to the parentheses they can be pronounced with the Low Fall or the Fall-Rise, eg:



As I say, | it’s been ¢one of those days | when ¢everything 'seems to ¢go wrong.

For my own part, | I should love it.

Parentheses of no semantic importance for the sentence do not form an intonation group or even remain unstressed,

eg: Well I 'don’t know. or Well I don’t know.

In the middle or at the end of the sentence parenthetical words and phrases are generally pronounced as the unstressed or partially-stressed tail of the preceding intonation group,

eg: A ¢walking 'holiday de'pends upon the weather, of course.

You ¢know, of course, | he’s my brother.

 

intonation of author’s words

 

The author’s words may either introduce direct speech or conclude it, sometimes they interrupt direct speech breaking the phrase into at least two intonation groups.

The author’s words preceding direct speech should be treated as a separate intonation group. So they are pronounced with almost any terminal tone,

eg: And ¢then he said: “ Praps you are > right.”

And ¢then he said: “ Praps you are > right.”

And ¢then he > said: “ Praps you are > right.”

If the author’s words follow direct speech they continue as an unstressed or partially-stressed tail of the preceding intonation group,

eg: “ ¢What is it for?” he asked.

“ ¢Is this for me?” he asked with sur prise.

In case the author’s words form a fairly long sequence they may be arranged into a separate intonation group pronounced with the same terminal tone as the preceding one but on a lower pitch,

eg: “Come here,” | he ¢ordered in a 'sharp voice.

 

When the author’s words consist of two or more intonation groups the first of them is pronounced in the way mentioned above. The second and the third are always stressed and are pronounced each on a lower pitch level,

eg: “It’s rather ex pensive,” she re marked | ¢looking in the ¢shop window.

“You don’t mean it,” said the girl, | and there was pain in her voice.

 

INTONATION OF QUESTIONS


Date: 2015-02-16; view: 509


<== previous page | next page ==>
 | 
doclecture.net - lectures - 2014-2024 year. Copyright infringement or personal data (0.006 sec.)