Saks tribal unity (location, economy, culture, social organization).

Since the beginning of 2 millennium BC in Kazakhstan were Aryan tribes. In the 1 st millennium BC their successors have been Saks. Names of Saks tribes and tribal groups appeared in Persian sources. In the work of Greek authors they can be met with the name “Skiffs”, which was widely used as a synonym of the word “nomads’. In the sources Tigrakhaud Saks (with cone-shaped caps), Khaomovrag Saks (khaoma drink producers), Paradaraiya Saks (inhabited the lake and river sides) were called the Saks. According to Herodotus, who is the principal source of information on these events, the Scyths (or at least some of them) claimed to have migrated from the Altai Mountains at the eastern extreme of the Western Steppe. Greek and Latin sources mentioned the names of tribes: Massagets between the Syr Darya and Amu Darya, savromaty (later Sarmatians) - to the west of Kazakhstan, as well as issedony, argipeyi, sarakauly Saki and others were worthy rivals of the mighty powers as a Persian Aheminid’s state, Assyria, Urartu. Saks played an important role in world politics of that time; they were active participants in historical events. They fought on the side of the Persians in the Greco-Persian wars. In an era of Saks cattle-breeding economy finally formed. Saks’s society was not homogeneous. At its highest stage were «kings», he has considerable power, they address the issues of war and peace, sent ambassadors, entering into alliances, led the troops. There was «royal» clan, whom were hereditary rulers. Important role in society played Saks military aristocracy. The main role in the management of the society played an ancestral ruler, each Saks man was free and a full-fledged person. Clusters of Saks graves found on the shores of Talas, Chu, Ili, in the foothill areas of Kyrgyz, Zaili and Jungar Alatau. The most famous monument - the Issyk Kurgan, located on 50 km east of Almaty in the foothills of Zailisk Alatau in 1969 - was found buried «Golden Man», dated V century BC. Saks culture has reached a high degree of development. The main component in the art of Saks was «savage style», established in the VII - VI century BC. There are images of various animals, which decorated household items, clothing, utensils, and weapons.

Date: 2014-12-22; view: 1069