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Contents 6 page

TO VIVIEN GREENE

9 Woodstock Close : Woodstock Road : Oxford |

Tuesday [early 1934]

Darling best dearest most adored Puss Willow. I do hope you are having a nice time & seeing plenty of people & things. Your Wuffle misses you.

I did arrears of letters this morning & this afternoon went to the bumper [?] programme: it was lovely, especially Birds in Spring which I hadn’t seen, &The Three Little Pigs. (Did I tell you that with Anna Sten there was a Silly Symphony called The China Shop with the most lovely colouring I’ve yet seen). Whither Germany was quite good, &The Mayor of Hell very seeable. A small boy beside me burst into loud sobs when a boy dies in a Reformatory.44When I got back, I played the gramophone, did my minimum, & read this long (& rather dull) Graves novel, which has suddenly descended on me at the last minute.45

I’m so disappointed about tomorrow, but as Mary46is playing hostess & hasn’t told me where or when we are to have lunch, it’s useless trying to fix a meeting. I’d so much rather have lunch with you. If by any chance you found yourself by the entrance to the Café Royal between 12.15 & 12.30, we might snatch a cocktail together. I’ll be there on the chance, but don’t put yourself out at all if you aren’t in the neighbourhood.

Dear love, I so love & adore you. I’m going down on the chance of finding R. & E. in.47

All my love,

Tyg.

P.S. Dr S.’s Bill has come in. He’s only charged 17.6.6. Isn’t that a lovely surprise?!48

TO DENYSE CLAIROUIN

The Stavisky affair nearly brought down France’s Third Republic. A swindler named Sacha Stavisky had been found dead in Chamonix and it was not clear whether he had killed himself or been murdered by the police.

The Right claimed that he had been killed to hide corruption in the Socialist government. On 6 February 1934, one hundred thousand royalist and fascist demonstrators fought a pitched battle with police at Place de la Concorde. Graham flew to Paris to report on the General Strike called for Monday, 12 February. He and Clairouin drove about Paris looking for signs of trouble; in the end, he wrote his article for the Spectator (16 February 1934; Reflections 30 –3) without seeing blood.

9 Woodstock Close, | Woodstock Rd., | Oxford. |

March 6 [1934]

Dear Denyse – May I?

I don’t know what you will think of my rudeness in not having written before to thank you for your kindness to me in Paris, but I no sooner got home to a vile London fog than I had to go to bed with the worst cold & throat that I’ve had for years.

I so enjoyed myself, even though I missed a riot. Please don’t show Mlle Bertillon this article; I had to suit my opinions to my market!49After I left the Updegraffs50on the Monday night I went for a long walk & found a most interesting spot up by Belleville where I could watch the police searching people. But as you see I had precious little to make an article out of!

Yours ever,
Graham Greene

TO HUGH GREENE



9 Woodstock Close, | Woodstock Rd., | Oxford. |

March 11 [1934]

Dear Hugh,

Many thanks for your letter. Don’t hurry to repay me; I’m not in urgent need.

About that address: I told Mumma about it & I imagined she’d tell you. When I was in Paris I met at Denyse Clairouin’s this strange, fanatical, I should say sexually abnormal, Mlle Bertillon, a niece of the man who invented finger prints.51She is one of the leaders of a new French party – a revolutionary central [?] party & was the woman whom Denyse had promised to get some Munich introductions from. I said that you were in Berlin & she suggested that you should meet this woman, who is apparently an Austrian journalist.

I enclose a sheet from Arthur Rogers’ latest catalogue. Is this the Byron book you wanted?

Isn’t it maddening that Lapland is off? I’m just turning over in mind, but have said nothing to V. yet, about Moscow, not an Intourist trip but an individual one. If Nordahl Grieg is still there, it might be amusing.52

I suspect but don’t know that the book is not going very well, though I have never before had so good a press: a really respectable press from people whom I respect. Indeed I really seem to have been promoted to the sixth form! In the new Life & Letters which comes out at the end of this month I believe Calder-Marshall53is doing a fine review of it; I am doing (an unsigned) review of T.S. Eliot’s new book.

There are various things brewing about which I went up to town the other day (seeing The Country Wife54 a really good production): Marge Tidy55is progressing not at all badly with the dramatisation of The Man Within (what is more amusing she is showing symptoms of nymphomania); there is talk of Knoblock56dramatising The Name of Action;& the B.B.C. are talking about special short stories for broadcasting – I met Ackerley, of Hindoo Holiday,57there – & of course the ubiquitous Felix58tried to push his way to the fore.

Did you hear that General Aspinall-Oglander, the Gallipoli historian,59wanted to dramatise The Man Within? You can read all about him as Colonel Aspinall in Gallipoli Memories.60It was all too funny for words; there was to be a happy ending, Elizabeth coming to life again just as the curtain fell.

I’ve become simply crazy about flying. I never want to go in a boat again.

Love,
Graham

TO HUGH GREENE



9 Woodstock Close, | Oxford. | March 18 [1934] Dear Hugh,

I enclose a card with a note on the back for B. I think it’s the best way. You could leave it at his house with one of your own. Tell him that you were at Oxford; he has a fondness for the place.61

I don’t suppose I could afford to come through Berlin, much as I should like to. I’m pretty busy these days; I am starting fiction reviewing again for The Spectator. Derek62rang me up on Friday to ask me to write 1200 words on ‘The Three Little Pigs’, the book of the Silly Symphony, by to-morrow, which explains this hasty & jaded note.

Father Bede died yesterday, the priest who got you those introductions. He was the nicest & most intelligent man I ever knew. Raffalovitch too died the other day.63

I hope your girl has lots of money!

Love,
Graham

TO VIVIEN GREENE

At the suggestion of the Norwegian poet Nordahl Grieg and Baroness Budberg, the mistress of H. G. Wells, Graham took a trip to eastern Europe.64The Baltic countries lay in the sights of both the Soviet Union and Germany, who were intent on installing sympathetic governments. The Soviets had recently concluded non-aggression pacts with Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In March, Estonia declared martial law in order to purge Nazis from government posts, and it was expected that a major trial would reveal the extent of foreign infiltration. Immediately after Graham’s departure from Latvia, Premier Ulmanis declared martial law to deal with Socialist and Nazi plots65– a de facto coup. The trip would later influence the writing of Our Man in Havana (see p. 403).

As from Hotel Room, | Tallinn, | Estonia. | Thursday

[12 May 1934]

Dearest, dearest darling love – I’ve just got your letter. I might have had it yesterday but I seem to have gone to the wrong place – it’s rather difficult when everything’s written in Russian! This afternoon I go on to Tallinn. Darling, I love you so much. Do take care of yourself. I believe I remember what you mean about the play. I made a silly joke after something you said quite out of key with situation! It’s not you are out of key with me one bit; you are like a juggler, I believe you could keep your Tyg & a score of Lucy’s in the air at once; it was only I think due to my staleness of mind. I began to feel all fresh from the moment of playing, but not quite enough to avoid a stupid joke which meant nothing at all. I believe one more play & I could quite have dispensed with this holiday.

Darling darling love. I do hope you are feeling well & that Lucy is allowing you to sleep. I don’t wonder at her being thirsty in this weather. I am drinking all day – soft drinks mostly, as the wine is much more expensive than in England & the beer is not very good. I’m feeling terribly well & sunburnt & selfish, at having left you behind. I should be enjoying this so much more with you. One does get through a place terribly quickly by oneself. But Riga definitely rings a bell.66

One silly thing has happened. I lost my spectacles as soon as I got to Berlin. So I’m not reading much or going to cinemas. In a way it’s a blessing because it will force me to go to the oculist as I ought to have done a year ago. According to my present plans I shall get back to London late on Friday week. That’s to say about 9.30. So I shall come down on the Saturday before Whitsunday. I shall try to see an oculist on Saturday morning.

It’s only a week since I left you but it seems at least a month to me. One has covered a lot of ground! I caught a glimpse of Goering in Berlin. And Berns. was most interesting. Yesterday I had a comic time which may make an article in itself with Colonel Sudakov.67I’m going to spend a night at Kovno on the way back to Berlin, but it sounds a one horse place.

[…]

Thursday 10 p.m.

O darling, this place is just too amusing to tintinnabulate, with its wall & towers Burgundian, with its minarets Turkish, with I should think its morals 20th century Mahommedan. I’ve been very lucky here. The train takes 10 hours to go the 100 miles from Riga, & as to fly only cost 25/-I flew, a pretty flight along the edge of the Baltic. My luck was to share a taxi to the aerodrome with the Vice-Consul at Tallinn.68I had tea with him when we arrived. A charming rather disappointed character, a Catholic who reads nothing but Henry James! I noticed when he unpacked his suitcase that he was carrying The Ambassadors with him. So we more or less fell into each other’s arms. He was also interested in Kovno. He has lived in Tallinn for 12 years with an interval when he was a commercial traveller in armaments. I gave him dinner to-night and to-morrow I’m having dinner with him. It’s all amazingly cheap here. We had for dinner, the two of us, 6 vodkas, a delicious hors d’oeuvres, 2 Vienna [sic] schnitzel with fried potatoes, & two glasses of tea. Total bill in one of the swell restaurants 3/6d.

I arrived too late to get to the Poste Restante, so am hoping for a letter to-morrow. The great film on here is Ramon Novarro in ‘Ben Hur’.69Do you remember it in ’26 & how you didn’t wear your specs?

Darling, I so love you. I’ve got such a lot of amusing things to tell you. But I do wish we were having this time together, though you might be a bit of a responsibility. The Vice-Consul was quite astonished that I’d got here without knowing any languages.

Good night, dearest dearest heart, I’m going to bed early being sleepy after the vodkas. I’m leaving the night life for Major Giffey to show me. He is the standing joke here, as the hearty fellow, hard drinker, man-about-Tallinn.70

The army is a sweet caricature of the English. They wear the same uniform & it’s such a shock to come round a corner & find them playing marbles or photographing each other under the War Memorial. All so like Gibraltar, one feels, & yet how different!

My love to Lucy. How splendid about her weight. Riga was tropical in its heat. Here is lovely, but much cooler & fresher. I’m feeling extremely well but that only makes me miss you the more.

Goodbye, dearest heart.

Your Tyg.

P.S. I hear nothing but bad reports of Kovno, dirty, dull & expensive, so I may leave it out.

TO MRS. KURATH71

9 Woodstock Close, | Woodstock Road, | Oxford. |

August 5. [1934?]

Dear Mrs Kurath,

Forgive my delay in answering your letter; I have been very busy finishing a novel; I don’t suppose, as I see that is one of your questions, that it will come out before the new year.

My opinion of Babbling April is more or less unprintable: the sentimental emotionalism of adolescence slapped down on the page; useful for self-analysis but should never have been printed. I find myself mildly amused still by Page 4 et seq. and mildly approving of P.12 & 24. I continued to write verse for another year and a half, some of it a little better than this, but apart from a few things in weekly papers published no more. I have, thank God, written no more since 1927.

The Man Within was the third novel I completed, the first published. The first page was written, while recovering from appendicitis, in 1926, without any idea of continuing the story. It was merely the description of an image which had persisted in my brain for some weeks. I had been reading Lord Troubridge’s (?)72history of smuggling, in which is printed a remarkable letter from an informer to the revenue officers, a particularly mean letter. This to the imagination represented, I suppose, a challenge to make such a character sympathetic. The book was not begun for a long while after the first page was written; then for about 18 months it was written rather irregularly, as I was working at the time on the staff of The Times.

I think this answers your questions. I look forward to seeing your article.

Yours sincerely,
Graham Greene

TO HUGH GREENE



9 Woodstock Close | Woodstock Road | Oxford |

Aug. 18 [1934]

Dear Hugh,

I wish I could have seen you in town to-day, but I had to come up on Thursday for a night to see about my Liberian project and can’t get away again so soon. This is the tenth letter I’ve had to write today and there are still two more to be done. Will you tell Barbara73that alas I’ve found that air tickets to Amsterdam are over £8, more than to Paris and more than I had to pay Copenhagen to London.

Is there any hope of seeing you here? Leslie, the nice Consul in Tallinn, wrote to ask me for a line of intro. to you. He’ll be passing through Berlin while you are on holiday, so I suggested he might find you on the way back to Esthonia. I’ve got to be in town one day of the week beginning Aug. 27, in order to see Sir John Harris, of the Anti-Slavery Soc. who’s going to help me over Liberia.74Any chance of seeing you that week? Otherwise do suggest a day and I’ll come up. Feeling horribly overworked, so would rather get bubonic plague than write another novel for a year. It was nice seeing Barbara on Thursday. Hope I wasn’t too drunk. I found when I left the Café that I was wearing a woman’s brown belt and had my braces in my pocket!

Charles Evans is enthusiastic over Liberia and has offered to pay all my expenses in advance.

Give Mumma my love. I have been meaning to write for weeks, but the bloody old nib, or rather typewriter has never been so hard pressed. Why, I’ve even had to turn down a perfectly good offer from a publisher to do a short story, to be published all by itself at first, swell as a daisy, in a limited edition at 15/-. Blast, I sprained my wrist on Thursday night putting the Editor of the Theatre World to bed and even typing is hurting.

The Old School went into a second impression this week-end, 1500 copies sold. Not bad for a joke of that kind.

Love,
Graham

TO DENYSE CLAIROUIN

9 Woodstock Close | Woodstock Road | Oxford |

Nov. 22 [1934]

Dear Denyse,

[…]

I’ve just finished a novel to be called The Shipwrecked,75but I don’t think you’ll be able to do anything with it, though, of course, I shall send you a copy. I enclose a short story. I’m afraid it will seem bad to you who are French. I’m working on another which Grayson are supposed to be publishing in a limited edition.76I’ll send you a typescript when it’s ready. Then on Jan. 5 I leave on the most absurd trip. I’m going to Liberia; Heinemann have contracted for a travel book.77I get off at Freetown, Sierra Leone, and try to make my way from the border at Pendembu to Monrovia by the jungle with carriers. As I can find no one silly enough to go with me,78and as I have never managed natives or been in the tropics, it’s all rather silly. But I did want a rest from novels. France is very interested in Liberia, isn’t she? I suppose there’s no sort of investigating job to be picked up from your Colonial Office? Do you know anyone in French Guinea? I shall probably be stepping off at Conakry.

Do tell me who the English woman is and why she’s lecturing on me. I should love to hear what nonsense she talks.

I think the irony of an English author being continually censored in France is delicious. It quite atones for the cuts. Tell them I’m a Catholic. Perhaps one can do more if they are certain I’m inside the fold!

Remember me to the angelic Updegraffs.

Ever yours,
Graham

P.S. I was in Germany in October & feel too pessimistic for words. I wish the world could be rid of that nice, sentimental, abysmally stupid race.

TO HUGH GREENE



9 Woodstock Close | Woodstock Road | Oxford |

Nov. 26 [1934]

Dear Hugh,

I never wrote and thanked you for the cheque as I was frantically busy, finishing The Shipwrecked, doing a short story which is supposed to be coming out in a limited edition (!), and getting ready for Liberia. Now there’s a slight calm before the storm, but my God what a storm – I’ve got to pay a small fortune in insurance.

What I’m really writing is to tell you amusing news about The Man Within. Ronald [sic] Ackland, the dramatist, and a young man called Roy Lockwood, who has been editing and assistant directing in various companies since he went down, have found a tame financier and they are going to do the Hecht Arthur stunt of film making on their own. They are proposing to start off with The Man Within. They can only afford to pay me £200, which is Godsend enough to me, but their object is to make a really first class film. I think the result may be very amusing. They’ve got apparently a very good camera man, the financier will put up as much money as they need, and they propose to get started directly I come home from Liberia.79One really begins to feel as if one wants to come back more or less intact. Especially (another good joke) as someone’s lecturing on me in Paris in April.

Did Barbara tell you I’d had a long letter from poor Ingeborg? written at five o’clock in the morning with a stump of pencil belonging to Mikael, Mikael with a high fever in one bed and herself feverish in another. Scandinavians are terribly Scandinavian. Apparently she arrived back from Moscow ‘dirty, tired and full of longing’ on Christmas Eve of all days to hear that night from Nils that he was in love with someone else. Now she’s found work in a bookshop.80

Do you know anyone in England who owns a revolver? The consensus of opinion seems to be that one must have a revolver. My own feeling is that it would be more dangerous to me than to anyone else, and I certainly can’t afford to buy one. An amusing result of this trip seems to be that one is likely to be offered the most amazing variety of jobs, varying from the most august to the most farcical, adoption by old Harris as his successor as Parliamentary Secretary to the Anti-Slavery Society. But this in confidence. I have to be stared at and my private life examined by a committee of philanthropists; I’m afraid I shan’t get by this. On Wed. I have tea with Lady Simon.81

How are Helga82and the flat and you and the Grafin’s maid?

Love,

Graham.

P.S. The best I can get from the mean Times is a letter to all whom it may concern that I may be doing a series of articles for them on Liberia. The whole trip gets more & more fantastic every day; at last I’ve managed to get a fairly [?] large scale map; most of it blank white with dotted lines showing the probable course of rivers! I have to take [illeg.] cases of food, & a book I’ve read on Sierra Leone says cheerfully that several Europeans have recently gone across the border but none of them have returned! This, of course, is not to be repeated to the family!

TO R. K. NARAYAN

R. K. Narayan’s friend and former neighbour Kit Purna was studying at Exeter College, Oxford, and had promised to find a publisher for Narayan’s first novel. After a series of rejections at precise six-week intervals, Narayan told Purna to ‘weight the manuscript with a stone and drown it in the Thames’. Purna approached Greene in Oxford, and shortly after sent Narayan a cable: ‘Novel taken. Graham Greene responsible.’83

14 North Side, Clapham Common, S.W.4. | August 1 [1935]

Dear Mr Narayan Swami,

My friend Kit Purna84sent me your novel the other day to read, and I should like to tell you as a fellow novelist how much I admired it. I took the liberty of sending it with a covering letter to a publisher, Hamish Hamilton, and I have heard from him to-day that he wishes to publish it. You couldn’t, I think, have a better publisher. His is a young firm with a very good literary reputation and his connexion with the American publishers, Harper’s, may make it possible to find a publisher for it too in the U.S.A. He also advertises well. With this book published too we may find it easier to place your short stories, for some of which I felt an almost equal admiration. It is a real joy to be of use to a new writer of your quality.

There are a few things I should like to ask you. Have you any objection to a few alterations in the English? It’s very good on the whole, but at times the grammar and sense need tightening. Then it will need a simpler and more taking title than the one you have given it. Last as to terms. I am seeing Hamish Hamilton on Tuesday, Aug. 6, to discuss them. You can rely on me to get you the best possible terms, but with a first novel I’m afraid you won’t get a large advance on royalties. But if the advance has to be small, I hope and believe that the book will sell well enough to earn you a satisfactory amount in royalties.

Of course the proposed contract will be sent to you for your approval and signature.

I hope this will be only the first of a long series of books.

I wonder if you have come across the books of my friend Dennis Kincaid85in India?

Yours sincerely,
Graham Greene

TO R. K. NARAYAN

14 North Side, Clapham Common, S.W.4. | Aug. 23 [1935]

Dear Mr Narayan Swami,

Many thanks for your letter. The pleasure is all mine in having read your book. I daresay the contract may already have reached you. Hamilton will pay 10% on the published price on all copies sold up to 2,000 and after that 12½%, with an advance of £20 on publication. These, I’m afraid, are not princely terms, but if this first book is a success you will be able to command better terms for your next book. He intends to publish it this autumn at 6/-as it’s rather a short book. The title he wants to put on it is Swami and Friends. Another point (I consulted Purna on it): your name. Have you any objection to the Swami being left out and your being styled R. K. Narayan?86It’s a silly thing to have to say, but in this country a name which it is difficult for the old ladies in libraries to remember materially affects a book’s sales. I saw an excellent novel by a German completely fail because of the supposed difficulty of his name: Erik von Kuhnelt-Leddihn!87But, of course, if R. K. Narayan is absurdly incorrect in Indian eyes, we won’t dream of using it.

I have been through the book a second time, making a very few alterations in words (your style is admirable and I can promise you the alterations are verbal and negligible in number) and I enjoyed it at a second reading quite as much as I did at the first. I hope you will presently give me news of a second novel. When this one is published I hope we shall be able to do something with your short stories, though the market for good short stories here is absurdly limited.

I look forward one day not too far ahead to meeting you.

Yours sincerely,
Graham Greene

TO DENYSE CLAIROUIN

14 North Side, Clapham Common, S.W.4. | Oct. 25 [1935]

Dear Denyse,

Many thanks for your letter, dated Oct. 11 & for the cheque. I love that kind of letter!

By the way I suppose they sent you my last novel, England Made Me? Liberia won’t be out till March or April. The title so far is ‘Journey Without Maps’. Then I’m going to have ready for the spring a thriller, opus one of the works of Hilary Trench:88proposed title: ‘A Gun for Sale.’ This is in the Stamboul Train vein, only even more melodramatic!

If the riots come on, I’ll be over. I want a few days holiday badly.

Yours in haste,
Graham Greene

TO HUGH GREENE



14North Side, Clapham Common, S.W.4. | Jan. 28 [1936]

Dear Hugh,

Many thanks for your letter. I believe I only thanked you both by proxy for the book token. I loved the account of the sexual detective; he would be of admirable use to me, so I hope he turns up.

I’m having sherry at the Camerons next week and will mention what you say, but I’m surprised. I thought you were permanently wedded to journalism. I’m getting deep into films, so deep that Grierson sounded me the other day on whether I should be interested in a producing job.89I hope he is picturing me as the head of the proposed B.B.C. Film Unit! I’m on a kind of advisory committee on television as it is! Altogether I seem to have cut into the racket at the right angle. Last night we were at quite an amusing party given for Lotte Reiniger90with a programme of trick films.

But I’m hellishly busy; two books of my own coming out in the next few months (great enthusiasm on Heinemann’s part for the shocker)91and I’m doing things for three symposiums. I’ve never written so much in my life.

If Cameron says anything enlightening I’ll let you know.

I suppose you get the news of Mumma. She seems to be making very good progress, but it must be the hell of a dull time, lying flat on the back with nothing to do. The operation too must have been pretty ghastly with only a local anaesthetic. I think I’d almost rather lose the sight of an eye.

Love,
Graham

Did you see my sob stuff in the Mail? They suddenly rang up on lunch time & asked whether I’d go along that afternoon & do it: 15 guineas for about 700 words!92

TO NANCY PEARN

H. R. Westwood, associate editor of The Fortnightly Review and an admirer of Greene’s film criticism, invited him to write an article on censorship for the magazine. Although no article appeared, the letter makes clear what his views are.

14North Side, Clapham Common, S.W.4. | April 10 [1936]

Dear Nancy,

Many thanks. I wonder if I could trouble your office to give Westwood a ring to say that I left for Dartmouth for ten days on Easter Monday and will give him a ring directly I return. I think an article could be made which would be by no means stale. I shouldn’t hinge it on the Peace Film.93What I propose to do (if he commissions it) is really to go in to its constitution, its record of foolish acts, and its personnel. I should like to interview several of the censors, the old ladies and the retired colonels, and give their views on films quite untouched up. Then there’s the curious anomaly in their treatment of the big American companies and the small British companies: the question why they should allow the attractive, but wildly sexual and lascivious dance in the new Cantor film 94and insist on cutting scenes from the G.P.O. film, Citizens of the Future, which was urging cleanliness and washing on the people! I think a really amusing article could be made, which would not need a topical peg.

Yours,
Graham

TO R. K. NARAYAN

The Royal Castle Hotel, | Dartmouth. | April 20 [1936].

Dear Narayan,

This is just a hasty note to say that Hamish Hamilton hasn’t yet sent me your novel.95I’m away here on holiday, until the end of the week, but as soon as I get back to town I will phone him & let you know the result.

I doubt whether any more money will come due to you on Swami: it didn’t, I think, sell very well, (you’ll get the account of sales soon), but the next novel should earn you at least an equal advance. And should sell better. (I am assuming that it’s equally good). Everyone to whom I show Swami is enthusiastic: I lent a copy to Malcolm Muggeridge96– you may have heard of him in connexion with the Calcutta Statesman – he is one of the most promising young writers here – & he was elated by it & said that he was writing a letter to the editor of the Statesman about it. I lent it a few days ago too to Margaret Wilson whose novels you may know & expect the same enthusiasm from her.97


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